Sumo languages

Sumo
Sumu
Native to	Nicaragua, Honduras
Region	Huaspuc River and its tributaries
Ethnicity	Sumo people
Native speakers	unknown (9,000 cited 1997–2009)
Language family	Misumalpan Sumalpan Sumo
Language codes
ISO 639-3	sum – inclusive code Individual codes: yan – Mayangna ulw – Ulwa
Glottolog	sumu1234

Sumo (also known as Sumu) is the collective name for a group of Misumalpan languages spoken in Nicaragua and Honduras. Hale & Salamanca (2001) classify the Sumu languages into a northern Mayangna, composed of the Twahka and Panamahka dialects, and southern Ulwa. Sumu specialist Ken Hale considers the differences between Ulwa and Mayangna in both vocabulary and morphology to be so considerable that he prefers to speak of Ulwa as a language distinct from the northern Sumu varieties.

Bibliography

• Hale, Ken, and Danilo Salamanca (2001) "Theoretical and Universal Implications of Certain Verbal Entries in Dictionaries of the Misumalpan Languages", in Frawley, Hill & Munro eds. Making Dictionaries: Preserving indigenous Languages of the Americas. University of California Press.