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With a unique culture and language, Hawaii became the 50th state of the United States on August 21, 1959. It is located in the North Pacific Ocean, 2,300 miles (3,700 km) from the mainland, at . The Hawaiian Archipelago comprises eight islands and atolls extending across a distance of 1,500 miles (2,400 km). Of these, eight are considered "main islands" and are located at the southeastern end of the archipelago. These islands are: from (northwest to southeast) Niʻihau, Kauaʻi, Oʻahu, Molokaʻi, Lānaʻi, Kahoʻolawe, Maui, and Hawaiʻi. The latter is by far the largest, called the "Big Island" or "Big Isle". In the 19th Century, they were known as the Sandwich Islands. Kīlauea Lighthouse Kīlauea Lighthouse is located in Kīlauea on the island of Kauaʻi, Hawaiʻi in the Kīlauea Point National Wildlife Refuge. Kīlauea Point, a narrow, lava peninsula protruding from the northern shore of Kauaʻi, was purchased from the Kīlauea Sugar Plantation Company in 1909 "for the consideration of one dollar". Before construction could begin, a method for delivering supplies to the point had to be developed. Due to the lack of good roads in the area, the decision was made to bring the materials in by sea. The lighthouse tender Kukui would anchor offshore and then dispatch small boats laden with supplies to a cove near the point. Since there was no beach, the boats would anchor to cleats cemented into the lava rocks at the point. A boom derrick, constructed on a ledge ninety feet above the water, would pluck the supplies from the boats and place them on a loading platform 110 feet above the water. For the full article, click here. Error creating thumbnail: File missing Pāhoehoe Lava flows in the open lava channel (not in a Lava tube) with overflows at both sides. The lava flow is due to July 21, 2007 fissure eruption at Kīlauea volcano. The channel is crusting over with a v-shaped opening pointing upstream. The crusting-over process usually starts at the upstream end, the crust grows downstream for a considerable distance, then the crust founders and sinks opening the channel to crusting over again. Princess Kaʻiulani 100px Victoria Kawekiu Lunalilo Kalaninuiahilapalapa Kaʻiulani Cleghorn (October 16, 1875 – March 6, 1899) was heir to the throne of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi and held the title of crown princess. Kaʻiulani became known throughout the world for her intelligence, beauty and determination. During the Overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy in 1893, she spearheaded a campaign to restore the monarchy by speaking before the United States Congress and pleading with U.S. Presidents Benjamin Harrison and later Grover Cleveland. Her life story grew to legendary proportions after her untimely death. For the full article, click here. Wikinews Hawaii portal October 16: Hurricane warning goes into effect in Bermuda as Gonzalo nears August 31: Hawaiian Airlines announces iPad mini in-flight service April 29: Australian Jesse Williams drafted in fifth round by the NFL's Seattle Seahawks January 13: Observing the 2012 Human Trafficking Awareness Day in the US, and wider world August 8: Wikinews interviews Andy Martin, U.S. Republican Party presidential candidate August 6: Sitcom star Roseanne Barr announces run for U.S. president June 4: Brazilian surfer wins world championship in Pichilemu, Chile April 27: U.S. President Barack Obama releases original birth certificate July 25: Brush fire starts in Hawaii's Makua Valley February 27: Pacific Rim braces for tsunami following major Chilean earthquake Template:/box-footer ... that Hawaii's Chain of Craters Road has been blocked repeatedly by lava flows from Kīlauea volcano since it was built in 1928? ... that Thyrocopa is a genus of flightless moth endemic to Hawaii? ... that hula master George Na'ope was designated a "Living Golden Treasure" by the state of Hawaii? ... that the 10th Festival of Pacific Arts, concluded 2 August 2008 in American Samoa, brought together about 2,000 artists from 27 countries across Oceania? ... that Hawaiian cultural advocate Bob Worthington served as the honorary consul of the Cook Islands to the United States? ...that The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is estimated to be the size of Texas? ... that AMiBA (pictured) is a radio telescope located on Mauna Loa in Hawaii that is being used to observe the Cosmic Microwave Background and the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in clusters of galaxies? ... that the Hawaii State Legislature declared October 29, 2005, "Samuel Kamakau Day," in recognition of the Hawaiian scholar who wrote over 200 articles about Hawaiian history? This section is here to highlight some of the most common words of the Hawaiian Language, ʻŌlelo, that are used in everyday conversation amongst locals. Mauka Towards the mountain, in the direction of the mountain A common usage: "When you are driving down Ala Moana Blvd, the Ala Moana Shopping Center is on the mauka side." "In what other land save this one is the commonest form of greeting not 'Good day,' nor 'How d'ye do', but 'Love'? That greeting is 'Aloha': love, I love you, my love to you... It is a positive affirmation of the warmth of one's own heart-giving." — Jack London Template:/box-header There are no anniversaries listed for this day. Template:/box-footer The following Wikimedia sister projects provide more on this subject: What are portals? List of portals Featured portals