Malinae
| Malinae | |
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| File:Malus sikkimensis0.jpg | |
| Malus sikkimensis fruit | |
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Malinae
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See text |
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Malinae (incorrectly Pyrinae) is the name for the apple subtribe in the rose family, Rosaceae. This name is required by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, which came into force in 2011 (article 19) for any group at the subtribe rank that includes the genus Malus but not either of the genera Rosa or Amygdalus.[2] The group includes a number of plants bearing commercially important fruits, such as apples and pears, while others are cultivated as ornamentals.
The tribe consists exclusively of shrubs and small trees characterised by a pome, a type of accessory fruit that does not occur in other Rosaceae, and by a basal haploid chromosome count of 17 (instead of 7, 8, 9, or 15 as in the other Rosaceae). There are approximately 28 genera with approximately 1100 species worldwide, with most species occurring in the temperate Northern Hemisphere.
Taxonomy
The Malinae as currently circumscribed include the following genera:[3]
- Amelanchier - serviceberry, juneberry
- Aria (see Sorbus)
- Aronia - chokeberry
- Chaenomeles - Japanese quince
- Chamaemeles
- Chamaemespilus (see Sorbus chamaemespilus)
- Cormus (see Sorbus)
- Cotoneaster - cotoneaster
- Crataegus - hawthorn
- Cydonia - quince
- Dichotomanthes
- Docynia
- Docyniopsis
- Eriobotrya - loquat
- Eriolobus
- Hesperomeles
- Heteromeles - toyon
- Malacomeles
- Malus - apple, crabapple
- Mespilus - medlar
- Osteomeles
- Peraphyllum
- Photinia
- Pseudocydonia - Chinese quince
- Pyracantha - firethorn
- Pyrus - pear
- Rhaphiolepis - hawthorn
- Sorbus - rowan, whitebeam, service tree
- Stranvaesia
- Torminalis (see Sorbus torminalis)
intergeneric hybrids:[4]
and graft hybrids:
- +Crataegomespilus
- +Pyrocydonia (Pirocydonia)
