45 BC

Millennium:	1st millennium BC
Centuries:	2nd century BC – 1st century BC – 1st century
Decades:	70s BC  60s BC  50s BC  – 40s BC –  30s BC  20s BC  10s BC
Years:	48 BC 47 BC 46 BC – 45 BC – 44 BC 43 BC 42 BC

45 BC in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	45 BC XLIV BC
Ab urbe condita	709
Ancient Egypt era	XXXIII dynasty, 279
- Pharaoh	Cleopatra VII, 7
Ancient Greek era	183rd Olympiad, year 4
Assyrian calendar	4706
Bengali calendar	−637
Berber calendar	906
Buddhist calendar	500
Burmese calendar	−682
Byzantine calendar	5464–5465
Chinese calendar	乙亥年 (Wood Pig) 2652 or 2592     — to — 丙子年 (Fire Rat) 2653 or 2593
Coptic calendar	−328 – −327
Discordian calendar	1122
Ethiopian calendar	−52 – −51
Hebrew calendar	3716–3717
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	12–13
- Shaka Samvat	N/A
- Kali Yuga	3057–3058
Holocene calendar	9956
Iranian calendar	666 BP – 665 BP
Islamic calendar	686 BH – 685 BH
Julian calendar	45 BC XLIV BC
Korean calendar	2289
Minguo calendar	1956 before ROC 民前1956年
Seleucid era	267/268 AG
Thai solar calendar	498–499

Year 45 BC was either a common year starting on Thursday, Friday or Saturday or a leap year starting on Friday or Saturday (link will display the full calendar) (the sources differ, see leap year error for further information) and the first year of the Julian calendar and a leap year starting on Friday of the Proleptic Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar without Colleague (or, less frequently, year 709 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 45 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

By place

Roman Republic

• Consuls: Gaius Julius Caesar, without colleague.
• January 1 – The Julian calendar takes effect as the civil calendar of the Roman Empire, establishing January 1 as the new date of the new year.
• March 17 – Civil War: In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the younger in the Battle of Munda. Labienus dies in battle, Pompey the younger is executed, but Sextus Pompey escapes to take command of the remnants of the Pompeian fleet.
• The veterans of Julius Caesar's Legions Legio XIII Gemina and Legio X Equestris demobilized. The veterans of the 10th legion are settled in Narbo, while those of the 13th are given somewhat better lands in Italia itself.
• Caesar is named dictator for life.
• Caesar probably writes his Commentaries in this year.

Asia

• Possible first year of the Azes I Era.

Births

• Iullus Antonius, son of Mark Antony and Fulvia; consul 10 BC (d. 2 BC)
• Wang Mang, usurper of the Han Dynasty and Emperor of the Xin Dynasty (d. 23)

Deaths

• February – Tullia, daughter of Cicero (b. 79 BC or 78 BC)
• March 17
  • Titus Labienus, killed in the battle of Munda (b. c. 100 BC)
  • Publius Attius Varus, killed in the battle of Munda
• April 12 – Gnaeus Pompeius, son of Pompey the Great, executed after the battle of Munda (b. c. 75 BC)
• December 31 – Quintus Fabius Maximus, consul suffectus 45 BC