Cicely

For the American herb, see Osmorhiza.

For other uses, see Cicely (disambiguation).

Cicely
Flowers of Myrrhis odorata at the Giardino Botanico Alpino Chanousia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Asterids
Order:	Apiales
Family:	Apiaceae
Genus:	Myrrhis Mill.
Species:	M. odorata
Binomial name
Myrrhis odorata (L.) Scop.
Synonyms
Scandix odorata L.

Cicely /ˈsɪsəli/ or sweet cicely (Myrrhis odorata) is an herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the family Apiaceae. It is the sole species in the genus Myrrhis.

Synonyms

• Chaerophyllum odoratum Crantz
• Lindera odorata Asch.
• Scandix odorata L.
• Selinum myrrhis E.H.L.Krause<

Etymology

The genus name Myrrhis derives from the Greek word myrrhis [μυρρίς], an aromatic oil from Asia with a characteristic smell. The Latin species name odorata means scented.

Description

Illustration of Myrrhis odorata

Myrrhis odorata is a tall herbaceous perennial plant growing to 2 m [6 ft 6 in] tall, depending on circumstances. The leaves are fern-like, 2-4-pinnate, finely divided, feathery, up to 50 cm long, with whitish patches near the rachis. The plant is softly hairy and smells strongly of aniseed when crushed. The flowers are creamy-white, about 2–4 mm across, produced in large umbels. The flowering period extends from May to June. The fruits are slender, 15–25 mm long and 3–4 mm broad.

Distribution and habitat

Myrrhis odorata is native to mountains of southern and central Europe, from the Pyrenees to the Caucasus. It has been introduced and naturalized elsewhere in cultivated areas, woodland margins, roadside verges, river banks and grassland.

Cultivation and uses

In fertile soils it grows readily from seed, and may be increased by division in spring or autumn.

Its leaves are sometimes used as a herb, either raw or cooked, with a rather strong taste reminiscent of anise. The roots and seeds also are edible. Additionally, it has a history of use as a medicinal herb.

Like its relatives anise, fennel, and caraway, it can also be used to flavour akvavit. Its essential oils are dominated by anethole.