Foreign relations of the Czech Republic

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Embassies (not consulates) of the Czech Republic in the world.

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The Czech Republic entertains diplomatic relations with 191 countries in the world, around half of which maintain a resident embassy in the Czech capital city, Prague.[1] The Czech Republic is a full member of the United Nations (and all of its main specialized agencies and boards), of the European Union, and of NATO.

Until the Velvet Revolution of 1989, the foreign policy of Czechoslovakia had followed that of the Soviet Union. Since the revolution and the subsequent mutually-agreed peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, the Czechs have made integration with Western institutions their chief foreign policy objective. This goal was rapidly met with great success, as the nation joined NATO in 1999 and the European Union in 2004, and held the Presidency of the European Union during the first half of 2009.

Participation in international organizations

The Czech Republic participates in the United Nations (UN); World Trade Organization (WTO); International Monetary Fund (IMF); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); International Energy Agency (IEA); North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the International Whaling Commission.

The Czech Republic is a member of the United Nations and participates in its specialized agencies. It is a member of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.

The Czech Republic became a member of the EU in May 2004. This followed signature of the Treaty of Accession with nine other candidate nations in 1993. Although there have been disagreements with established EU member nations over some economic issues, such as agricultural quotas and a recent[when?] amendment to the gaming law, relations are good.

The Czech Republic became a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, along with Poland and Hungary, on 12 March 1999. This membership represents a milestone in the country's foreign policy and security orientation.

International disputes

Liechtenstein

Throughout the past decades, Liechtenstein continuously claimed restitution for 1,600 km2 (620 sq mi) (which is ten times the size of Liechtenstein) of land currently located in the Czech Republic that were confiscated from the Liechtenstein family in 1918 by the then newly established state of Czechoslovakia; the Czech Republic insisted that it could not acknowledge or be responsible for claims going back to before February 1948, when the Communists had seized power.

As a result, Liechtenstein did not diplomatically recognize the existence of the Czech Republic as a new state (and, for that matter, also that of the Slovak Republic) until 2009.

In July 2009, the Prince of Liechtenstein announced he was resigning to the previous unsuccessful claims to property located in the Czech Republic, and on 13 July 2009, after politically recognizing one another, the Czech Republic and Liechtenstein formally established diplomatic relations.[2][3]

Placement of US National Missile Defense base

In February 2007, the US started formal negotiations with Czech Republic and Poland concerning construction of missile shield installations in those countries for a Ground-Based Midcourse Defense System.[4] Government of the Czech Republic agrees (while 67% Czechs disagree and only about 22% support it)[5] to host a missile defense radar on its territory while a base of missile interceptors is supposed to be built in Poland. The objective is reportedly to protect another parts of US National Missile Defense from long-range missile strikes from Iran and North Korea, but Czech PM Mirek Topolánek said the main reason is to avoid Russian influence and strengthen ties to US.[6]

The main government supporter Alexandr Vondra, Deputy Prime Minister for European affairs, used to be an ambassador to the USA. More problematic is that between 2004 and 2006 he was an executive director of a lobbying company Dutko Worldwide Prague. Dutko's and its strategic partner AMI Communications (PR company) customers are Boeing, Lockheed Martin, Nortrop Grumman, which are largest contractors for NMD development.[7][8] AMI Communications also received (without a formal selection procedure) a government contract to persuade Czechs to support US radar base.

Europe

Country Formal relations began Notes
 Albania See Albania–Czech Republic relations

The multi-national Communist armed forces’ sole joint action was the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968. All member countries, with the exception of the People's Republic of Albania and the Socialist Republic of Romania participated in the invasion. Albania formally withdrew from the Warsaw Pact in 1968 over the matter.[9]

  • Albania has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Tirana.
 Austria See Austria – Czech Republic relations

Austria has an embassy in Prague and two honorary consulates (in Brno and České Budějovice). The Czech Republic has an embassy in Vienna and five honorary consulates (in Graz, Innsbruck, Klagenfurt, Linz, and Salzburg). Both countries are full members of the European Union. They share 362 km (225 mi) of common border, which can be crossed anywhere without border control due to the Schengen Agreement.
 Belarus See Foreign relations of Belarus
 Belgium See Foreign relations of Belgium
 Bosnia and Herzegovina See Foreign relations of Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Bulgaria See Bulgaria – Czech Republic relations

Diplomatic relations between Bulgaria and Czechoslovakia were established on 27 September 1920, they were severed on 1 June 1939 and were restored on 10 October 1945. On 23 December 1992 Bulgaria recognised the Czech Republic and established diplomatic relations with it at the level of embassies as of 1 January 1993. Bulgaria has an embassy and an honorary consulate in Prague.[10] Czech Republic has an embassy in Sofia and an honorary consulate in Varna.[11]
 Croatia See Foreign relations of Croatia
 Cyprus See Foreign relations of Cyprus
 Denmark See Czech Republic–Denmark relations
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Copenhagen and an honorary consulate in Højbjerg.[12]
  • Denmark has an embassy in Prague.[13]
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
 Estonia 1920s
 Finland 1 January 1993
 France

See Czech Republic–France relations
 Germany See Czech–German relations
  • Both countries share 815 km (506 mi) of common borders.
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Berlin, three general consulates (in Bonn, Dresden and Munich), and 6 honorary consulates (in Dortmund, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Nürnberg, Rostock and Stuttgart).
  • Germany has an embassy in Prague.
 Greece 1 January 1993 See Czech Republic–Greece relations
 Hungary 1 January 1993
  • Before 1918, both countries were part of Austria–Hungary.
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Budapest.[22]
  • Hungary has an embassy in Prague.[23]
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
 Iceland 1 January 1993 See Czech Republic – Iceland relations
  • Neither country has a resident embassy.
  • The Czech Republic is represented in Iceland through an honorary consulate in Reykjavík.
  • Iceland is represented in the Czech Republic through its embassy in Vienna (Austria) and through an honorary consulate in Prague.
  • Both countries are full members of NATO, of the Council of Europe and of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
 Ireland 1929
 Italy
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Milan, and 5 honorary consulate (in Florence, Naples, Palermo, Udine, and Venice).[26][27]
  • Italy has an embassy in Prague.[28]
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
 Kosovo 2008 See Czech–Kosovan relations
 Latvia 9 September 1991
 Liechtenstein 13 July 2009
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations in 2009.[2][3]
 Lithuania 5 January 1922
 Luxembourg
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Luxembourg City.[36]
  • Luxembourg has an embassy in Prague.[37]
  • Both countries are full members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, of the European Union and of NATO.
 Malta
  • The Czech Republic is represented in Malta through its embassy in Rome, (Italy) and through an honorary consulate in Valletta.[38]
  • Malta is represented in the Czech Republic through a non-resident ambassador based in the Foreign Ministry at Valletta.[39]
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 Netherlands 13 November 1919
 Poland See Poland – Czech Republic relations

Both countries are full members of the European Union. They share 796 km (495 mi) of common border, which can be crossed anywhere without border control due to the Schengen Agreement.
 Romania 6 April 1919
  • After the splitting of Czechoslovakia, the Czech Republic and Romania established diplomatic relation on 18 December 1992.
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Bucharest.[42]
  • Romania has an embassy in Prague.[43]
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
 Russia See Czech Republic – Russia relations

The present day relations between the two countries are at their best, and many agreements have been signed. Russia also has further reduced its oil deliveries to the Czech Republic. The Czech Republic has an embassy in Moscow, and two consulate generals (in Saint Petersburg and Yekaterinburg). The Russian Federation has an embassy in Prague, and two consulate generals in (Brno and Karlovy Vary).
 Serbia 1918
 Slovakia 1 January 1993 See Czech Republic – Slovakia relations

Before 1918, both countries were part of Austria–Hungary, and between 1918 and 1 January 1993, both countries were part of Czechoslovakia.
 Ukraine
 United Kingdom See Czech Republic – United Kingdom relations

HM Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom paid a state visit to the Czech Republic in March 1996.[52]

Americas

 Brazil

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Further information: Czech Brazilians

 Canada

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Main article: Canada – Czech Republic relations
  • Canada has an embassy in Prague.
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Ottawa and a consulate-general in Toronto and an honorary consulate in Calgary.

 Colombia

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Main article: Colombia – Czech Republic relations

 Mexico

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Main article: Czech Republic–Mexico relations

Diplomatic relations between Czechoslovakia and Mexico were established in 1922. Mexico re-recognised Czech independence in 1993 after its separation with Slovakia.

 United States

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Main article: Czech Republic – United States relations

U.S. President Woodrow Wilson and the United States played a major role in the establishment of Czechoslovakia on 28 October 1918.

 Uruguay

  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Montevideo and an honorary consulate in Maldonado.[57]
  • Uruguay has an embassy in Prague.

Asia

Country Formal relations began Notes
 Armenia 30 March 1992
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Prague.
 Azerbaijan See Foreign relations of Azerbaijan
 China 6 October 1949 See China–Czech Republic relations
 Georgia 1 January 1993
 India
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in New Delhi.[60]
  • Consulate of Czech Republic in India at Chennai, Mumbai and Kolkata.
  • India has an embassy in Prague.[61]
 Iran 30 April 1929
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Tehran.[62]
  • Iran has an embassy in Prague.[63]
 Iraq 1993
 Israel 3 July 1948 See Czech Republic–Israel relations

The government of Czechoslovakia recognised independence of Israel 5 days after its declaration on 19 May 1948. Diplomatic relations between both countries were established on 3 July 1948. Czechoslovakia supported with military aircraft and weapons newly created Israeli state for several months, however then-new communist government ceased this support and in few years even the diplomatic relations were broken. Communist regime did spread anti-Israeli propaganda, like all then socialist countries. After the Velvet revolution, the relations were renewed. The Czech Republic has an embassy in Tel Aviv and 4 honorary consulates (in Eilat, Haifa, Jerusalem and Ramat Gan).[66] Israel has an embassy in Prague.[67]

In December 2008 the Czech Air Force wanted to train in desert conditions for the upcoming mission in Afghanistan. No country agreed to help, except Israel. Israel saw it as an opportunity to thank the Czechs for training Israeli pilots when the country was first established.[68]

There are 3,000 Jews living in the Czech Republic (see also History of the Jews in the Czech Republic).
 Japan 1919
  • Japan's first Minister Plenipotentiary to Czechoslovakia was Harukazu Nagaoka[69]
  • Relations between Czechoslovakia and Japan were broken off in 1939, and not re-established until 1957[70][71]
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Tokyo and an honorary consulate in Kobe.
  • Japan has an embassy in Prague.[72]
 Kazakhstan
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Astana and a branch office of the embassy in Almaty.[73]
  • Kazakhstan has an embassy in Prague and an honorary consulate in Jaroměř.[74]
 North Korea See Foreign relations of North Korea
 Malaysia See Czech Republic–Malaysia relations
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur.[75]
  • Malaysia has an embassy in Prague.[76]
  • Following the establishment of relations with the Soviet Union in 1968, Malaysia also expanded its relations with Czech Republic and other Eastern European countries.[77]
 Mongolia 1992 See Czech Republic – Mongolia relations
  • After the 1992 dissolution of Czechoslovakia, Mongolia reaffirmed its relations with the newly formed Czech Republic in 1993.[78]
  • The Embassy of the Czech Republic in Ulaanbaatar was formally reopened in 1999.[79]
 Philippines
  • The current diplomatic relationship of the Czech Republic and the Philippines has its roots to the friendship of Filipino national hero José Rizal and Ferdinand Blumentritt even neither countries existed yet back in the 19th century. Rizal visited Blumentritt in the city of Litomerice, Bohemia (present day Czech Republic) in 1887. According to Filipino Foreign secretary Albert del Rosario, the friendship between the two men served as the foundation of the current bilateral ties between the two countries.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Manila.
  • Philippines has an embassy in Prague.
 Pakistan 27 September 1950

See Pakistan-Czech Republic relations

  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Islamabad and two honorary consulates in Lahore and Karachi.[80]
  • Pakistan has an embassy in Prague.[81]
  • On 20 September 2008 the Czech Republic's ambassador to Pakistan, Ivo Žďárek, was killed in a deadly blast at the Marriott Hotel in Islamabad.[82]
 South Korea 22 March 1990[83] See Czech Republic – South Korea relations
 Vietnam 1950-02-02 (as Czechoslovakia)
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Hanoi.
  • Vietnam has an embassy in Prague.

Rest of world

 Australia

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Further information: Foreign relations of Australia

 Libya

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Main article: Czech Republic – Libya relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1993.[citation needed]
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Tripoli.
  • Libya has a consulate in Prague

 South Korea

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Further information: Foreign relations of South Korea § Europe

See also

References

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External links

  1. ↑ http://www.mzv.cz/file/955338/The_Czech_Republic_s_Foreign_Policy_in_2011___A_Brief_Overview.pdf
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  17. ↑ Text in League of Nations Treaty Series, vol. 23, pp. 164–169.
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  48. ↑ Serhy Yekelchyk "Ukraine: Birth of a Modern Nation", Oxford University Press (2007), ISBN 978-0-19-530546-3 (page 128-130)
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  55. ↑ Embassy of the Czech Republic in Washington, DC
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  67. ↑ Israeli embassy in Prague
  68. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  83. ↑ 83.0 83.1 83.2 http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/europe/countries/20070818/1_24626.jsp?menu=m_30_40
  84. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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