Geography of Lombardy
Lombardy is an administrative region of Italy that is split into four geographic regions — mountains, alpine forest, and the upper and lower plains south of the Po river. These are crossed and dotted by dozens of rivers and lakes, the latter of which include some of the largest in Italy. The territory is the fourth largest in Italy by surface area with 24,000 square kilometres (9,300 sq mi).
Lombardy's northern border is between the Valtellina and the valleys of the Rhine and the Inn. To the east, Lake Garda and the Mincio separate Lombardy from the other Italian regions, as does the Po in the south with the exception of the Mantuan and Pavese Oltrepò (lit. Beyond the Po). The western boundary is formed by the Lake Maggiore and the Ticino, except the Lomellina.
Orography
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Mountains make up 40.5% of Lombardy's area. The Alps make up the northern section of Lombardy and then shrink into the Prealps, which themselves ease into hills and the valleys of the Po Valley. Along the Prealps are some of the largest lakes in Italy (Garda, Maggiore, and Como) while numerous rivers and streams (Po, Adda, Oglio, Mincio, and the Ticino) cut the mountains into deep and narrow valleys. In a small area of the Oltrepò Pavese rise hills and the Ligurian Apennines.
The Lombard Alps are all named after the ancient peoples who dwelled in them in the time of the Roman Empire. The Lepontine Alps are named for the Lepontii, the Rhaetian Alps for the Rhaetians, and the Orobie Alps for the Orobii.
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