List of Governors of Ohio
Governor of Ohio | |
---|---|
110px | |
Style | The Honorable |
Residence | Ohio Governor's Mansion |
Term length | Four years, two consecutive with four-year pause thereafter |
Inaugural holder | Edward Tiffin |
Formation | March 3, 1803 |
Deputy | Lieutenant Governor |
Salary | $148,886 (2013)[1] |
Website | governor.ohio.gov |
The Governor of the state of Ohio is the head of the executive branch of Ohio's state government[2] and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.[3] The governor has a duty to enforce state laws; the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Ohio Legislature;[4] the power to convene the legislature;[5] and the power to grant pardons, except in cases of treason and impeachment.[6]
There have been 63 governors of Ohio, serving 69 distinct terms. The longest term was held by Jim Rhodes, who was elected four times and served just under sixteen years in two non-consecutive periods of two terms each (1963–1971 and 1975–1983). The shortest terms were held by John William Brown and Nancy Hollister, who each served for only 11 days after the governors preceding them resigned in order to begin the terms to which they had been elected in the United States Senate; the shortest-serving elected governor was John M. Pattison, who died in office five months into his term. The current governor is John Kasich, who took office on January 10, 2011.
Contents
Qualifications
To become governor of Ohio, a candidate must be a qualified elector in the state. This means that any candidate for governor must be at least 18 years old at the time of his/her election, a resident of Ohio for at least 30 days before the election, and a U.S. citizen. Convicted felons and those deemed by the courts as incompetent to vote are not able to hold the governorship.
Powers
The governor is the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws; the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Ohio State Legislature; the power to convene the legislature; and the power to grant pardons, except in cases of treason and impeachment.
Other duties and privileges of the office include:
- Executing all laws and requiring written information on any office from the head of that office
- Making an annual address to the General Assembly, with recommendation for legislation
- Convening extraordinary sessions of the legislature with limited purposes
- Adjourning the legislature when the two chambers cannot agree to do so themselves, not to include the privilege of adjourning the legislature past the sine die set for the regular session
- Keeping and using "The Great Seal of the State of Ohio"
- Signing and sealing all commissions granted in the name of the state of Ohio
- Nominating, in the event of a vacancy in the Lieutenant Governor's office, a new officer, subject to a confirmatory vote of both chambers of the legislature
- Making vacancy appointments for all "key state officers" (the Auditor, the Treasurer, the Secretary of State, and the Attorney General. Such appointments are for the remainder of the term when the next general election is less than 40 days away and until the next general election otherwise
- Accepting a report from the head of each executive department at least once a year, not later than five days before the regular session of the legislature convenes, and including the substance of those reports in her annual address to the legislature
- Making all appointments not otherwise provided for, with the advice and consent of the Senate, unless the Senate refuses to act, in which case the Governor's appointee takes offices by default
Governors
Initially after the American Revolution, parts of the area now known as Ohio were claimed by New York, Virginia, and Connecticut; however, New York ceded its claim in 1782, Virginia in 1784, and Connecticut in 1786, though it maintained its Western Reserve in the area until 1800.[7] On July 13, 1787, the Northwest Territory was formed. As territories were split from it, it eventually came to represent just present-day Ohio.[8]
Governors of Northwest Territory
Throughout its 15-year history, Northwest Territory had only one governor, Arthur St. Clair. He was removed from office by President Thomas Jefferson November 22, 1802, and no successor was named, with Charles Willing Byrd, Secretary of the Territory, becoming Acting Governor, serving until Tiffin was inaugurated March 3, 1803.[9] There was no Ohio Territory; Ohio is considered the successor state to the Northwest Territory.
# | Picture | Governor | Appointed | Left office | Party | Appointed by |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Arthur St. Clair (1737–1818) |
October 5, 1787 | November 22, 1802[10] | Federalist | Continental Congress [note 1] |
|
2 | Charles Willing Byrd (1770–1828) |
November 22, 1802[9] | March 3, 1803 | Democratic-Republican | not appointed, assumed acting governor when St. Clair removed[9] |
Governors of the State of Ohio
Ohio was admitted to the Union on March 1, 1803. Since then, it has had 62 governors, six of whom served non-consecutive terms.
The first constitution of 1803 allowed governors to serve for two years, limited to six of any eight years, commencing on the first Monday in the December following an election.[12] The current constitution of 1851 removed the term limit, and shifted the start of the term to the second Monday in January following an election.[11] In 1908, Ohio switched from holding elections in odd-numbered years to even-numbered years, with the preceding governor (from the 1905 election) serving an extra year.[13] A 1957 amendment[11] lengthened the term to four years and allowed governors to only succeed themselves once, having to wait four years after their second term in a row before being allowed to run again.[14] An Ohio Supreme Court ruling in 1973 clarified this to mean governors could theoretically serve unlimited terms, as long as they waited four years after every second term.[11]
Succession
Should the office of governor become vacant due to death, resignation, or conviction of impeachment, the lieutenant governor assumes the title of governor. Should the office of lieutenant governor also become vacant, the president of the senate becomes the acting governor.[15] If the vacancy of both offices took place during the first twenty months of the term, a special election is to be held on the next even-numbered year to elect new officers to serve out the current term.[16] Prior to 1851, the speaker of the senate acted as governor for the term.[17] Since 1974, the governor and lieutenant governor have been elected on the same ticket; prior to then, they could be (and often were) members of different parties.[11]
- Parties
Democratic (23) Democratic-Republican (9) National Republican (2) Republican (29) Unionist (1) Whig (5)
# | Picture | Governor | Assumed office | Left office | Party | Lt. Governor [note 2] |
Terms [note 3] |
||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 75px | Edward Tiffin (1766–1829) |
March 3, 1803 | March 4, 1807 | Democratic- Republican |
None | 1 1⁄2 [note 4] |
||
2 | 75px | Thomas Kirker (1760–1837) |
March 4, 1807 | December 12, 1808 | Democratic- Republican |
1⁄2 [note 5] |
|||
3 | 75px | Samuel H. Huntington (1765–1817) |
December 12, 1808 | December 8, 1810 | Democratic- Republican |
1 [note 6] |
|||
4 | 75px | Return J. Meigs, Jr. (1764–1825) |
December 8, 1810 | March 24, 1814 | Democratic- Republican |
1 1⁄2 [note 7] |
|||
5 | Othniel Looker (1757–1845) |
March 24, 1814 | December 8, 1814 | Democratic- Republican |
1⁄2 [note 5] |
||||
6 | 75px | Thomas Worthington (1773–1827) |
December 8, 1814 | December 14, 1818 | Democratic- Republican |
2 | |||
7 | Ethan Allen Brown (1776–1852) |
December 14, 1818 | January 4, 1822 | Democratic- Republican |
1 1⁄2 [note 4] |
||||
8 | Allen Trimble (1783–1870) |
January 4, 1822 | December 28, 1822 | Democratic- Republican |
1⁄2 [note 5] |
||||
9 | Jeremiah Morrow (1771–1852) |
December 28, 1822 | December 19, 1826 | Democratic- Republican |
2 | ||||
10 | Allen Trimble (1783–1870) |
December 19, 1826 | December 18, 1830 | National Republican |
2 | ||||
11 | Duncan McArthur (1772–1839) |
December 18, 1830 | December 7, 1832 | National Republican |
1 | ||||
12 | 75px | Robert Lucas (1781–1853) |
December 7, 1832 | December 12, 1836 | Democratic | 2 | |||
13 | Joseph Vance (1786–1852) |
December 12, 1836 | December 13, 1838 | Whig | 1 | ||||
14 | Wilson Shannon (1802–1877) |
December 13, 1838 | December 16, 1840 | Democratic | 1 | ||||
15 | Thomas Corwin (1794–1865) |
December 16, 1840 | December 14, 1842 | Whig | 1 | ||||
16 | Wilson Shannon (1802–1877) |
December 14, 1842 | April 15, 1844 | Democratic | 1⁄2 [note 8] |
||||
17 | Thomas W. Bartley (1812–1885) |
April 15, 1844 | December 3, 1844 | Democratic | 1⁄2 [note 5] |
||||
18 | Mordecai Bartley (1783–1870) |
December 3, 1844 | December 12, 1846 | Whig | 1 | ||||
19 | William Bebb (1802–1873) |
December 12, 1846 | January 22, 1849 | Whig | 1 [note 9] |
||||
20 | Seabury Ford (1801–1855) |
January 22, 1849 | December 12, 1850 | Whig | 1 [note 9] |
||||
21 | Reuben Wood (1792–1864) |
December 12, 1850 | July 13, 1853 | Democratic | None | 1 1⁄2 [note 10] [note 11] |
|||
William Medill | |||||||||
22 | William Medill (1802–1865) |
July 13, 1853 | January 14, 1856 | Democratic | vacant | 1 1⁄2 [note 12] |
|||
James Myers | |||||||||
23 | Salmon P. Chase (1808–1873) |
January 14, 1856 | January 9, 1860 | Republican | Thomas H. Ford | 2 | |||
Martin Welker | |||||||||
24 | William Dennison (1815–1882) |
January 9, 1860 | January 13, 1862 | Republican | Robert C. Kirk | 1 | |||
25 | David Tod (1805–1868) |
January 13, 1862 | January 11, 1864 | Republican | Benjamin Stanton | 1 | |||
26 | John Brough (1811–1865) |
January 11, 1864 | August 29, 1865 | Unionist | Charles Anderson | 1⁄2 [note 13] |
|||
27 | Charles Anderson (1814–1895) |
August 29, 1865 | January 8, 1866 | Republican | vacant | 1⁄2 [note 14] |
|||
28 | Jacob Dolson Cox (1828–1900) |
January 8, 1866 | January 13, 1868 | Republican | Andrew McBurney | 1 | |||
29 | Rutherford B. Hayes (1822–1893) |
January 13, 1868 | January 8, 1872 | Republican | John C. Lee | 2 | |||
30 | Edward F. Noyes (1832–1890) |
January 8, 1872 | January 12, 1874 | Republican | Jacob Mueller | 1 | |||
31 | William Allen (1803–1879) |
January 12, 1874 | January 10, 1876 | Democratic | Alphonso Hart | 1 | |||
32 | Rutherford B. Hayes (1822–1893) |
January 10, 1876 | March 2, 1877 | Republican | Thomas L. Young | 1⁄2 [note 15] |
|||
33 | Thomas L. Young (1832–1888) |
March 2, 1877 | January 14, 1878 | Republican | H. W. Curtiss (acting) | 1⁄2 [note 14] |
|||
34 | Richard M. Bishop (1812–1893) |
January 14, 1878 | January 12, 1880 | Democratic | Jabez W. Fitch | 1 | |||
35 | Charles Foster (1828–1904) |
January 12, 1880 | January 14, 1884 | Republican | Andrew Hickenlooper | 2 | |||
Rees G. Richards | |||||||||
36 | George Hoadly (1826–1902) |
January 14, 1884 | January 11, 1886 | Democratic | John George Warwick | 1 | |||
37 | Joseph B. Foraker (1846–1917) |
January 11, 1886 | January 13, 1890 | Republican | Robert P. Kennedy | 2 | |||
Silas A. Conrad | |||||||||
William C. Lyon | |||||||||
38 | James E. Campbell (1843–1924) |
January 13, 1890 | January 11, 1892 | Democratic | Elbert L. Lampson | 1 | |||
William V. Marquis | |||||||||
39 | William McKinley (1843–1901) |
January 11, 1892 | January 13, 1896 | Republican | Andrew L. Harris | 2 | |||
40 | Asa S. Bushnell (1834–1904) |
January 13, 1896 | January 8, 1900 | Republican | Asa W. Jones | 2 | |||
41 | George K. Nash (1842–1904) |
January 8, 1900 | January 11, 1904 | Republican | John A. Caldwell | 2 | |||
Carl L. Nippert | |||||||||
Harry L. Gordon | |||||||||
42 | Myron T. Herrick (1854–1929) |
January 11, 1904 | January 8, 1906 | Republican | Warren G. Harding | 1 | |||
43 | John M. Pattison (1847–1906) |
January 8, 1906 | June 18, 1906 | Democratic | Andrew L. Harris | 1⁄2 [note 13] [note 16] |
|||
44 | Andrew L. Harris (1835–1915) |
June 18, 1906 | January 11, 1909 | Republican | vacant | 1⁄2 [note 14] [note 16] |
|||
45 | Judson Harmon (1846–1927) |
January 11, 1909 | January 13, 1913 | Democratic | Francis W. Treadway | 2 | |||
Atlee Pomerene | |||||||||
Hugh L. Nichols | |||||||||
46 | James M. Cox (1870–1957) |
January 13, 1913 | January 11, 1915 | Democratic | W. A. Greenlund | 1 | |||
47 | Frank B. Willis (1871–1928) |
January 11, 1915 | January 8, 1917 | Republican | John H. Arnold | 1 | |||
48 | James M. Cox (1870–1957) |
January 8, 1917 | January 10, 1921 | Democratic | Earl D. Bloom | 2 | |||
Clarence J. Brown | |||||||||
49 | Harry L. Davis (1878–1950) |
January 10, 1921 | January 8, 1923 | Republican | Clarence J. Brown | 1 | |||
50 | A. Victor Donahey (1873–1946) |
January 8, 1923 | January 14, 1929 | Democratic | Earl D. Bloom | 3 | |||
Charles H. Lewis | |||||||||
Earl D. Bloom | |||||||||
William G. Pickrel | |||||||||
George C. Braden | |||||||||
51 | Myers Y. Cooper (1873–1958) |
January 14, 1929 | January 12, 1931 | Republican | John T. Brown | 1 | |||
52 | George White (1872–1953) |
January 12, 1931 | January 14, 1935 | Democratic | William G. Pickrel | 2 | |||
Charles W. Sawyer | |||||||||
53 | Martin L. Davey (1884–1946) |
January 14, 1935 | January 9, 1939 | Democratic | Harold G. Mosier | 2 | |||
Paul P. Yoder | |||||||||
54 | John W. Bricker (1893–1986) |
January 9, 1939 | January 8, 1945 | Republican | Paul M. Herbert | 3 | |||
55 | Frank J. Lausche (1895–1990) |
January 8, 1945 | January 13, 1947 | Democratic | George D. Nye | 1 | |||
56 | Thomas J. Herbert (1894–1974) |
January 13, 1947 | January 10, 1949 | Republican | Paul M. Herbert | 1 | |||
57 | Frank J. Lausche (1895–1990) |
January 10, 1949 | January 3, 1957 | Democratic | George D. Nye | 3 1⁄2 [note 4] |
|||
John William Brown | |||||||||
58 | John William Brown (1913–1993) |
January 3, 1957 | January 14, 1957 | Republican | vacant | 1⁄2 [note 14] |
|||
59 | 75px | C. William O'Neill (1916–1978) |
January 14, 1957 | January 12, 1959 | Republican | Paul M. Herbert | 1 | ||
60 | Michael DiSalle (1908–1981) |
January 12, 1959 | January 14, 1963 | Democratic | John W. Donahey | 1 | |||
61 | Jim Rhodes (1909–2001) |
January 14, 1963 | January 11, 1971 | Republican | John William Brown | 2 [note 17] |
|||
62 | John J. Gilligan (1921–2013) |
January 11, 1971 | January 13, 1975 | Democratic | John William Brown | 1 | |||
63 | Jim Rhodes (1909–2001) |
January 13, 1975 | January 10, 1983 | Republican | Dick Celeste | 2 [note 17] |
|||
George Voinovich | |||||||||
vacant | |||||||||
64 | Dick Celeste (born 1937) |
January 10, 1983 | January 14, 1991 | Democratic | Myrl Shoemaker | 2 | |||
vacant | |||||||||
Paul Leonard | |||||||||
65 | George Voinovich (born 1936) |
January 14, 1991 | December 31, 1998 | Republican | Mike DeWine | 1 1⁄2 [note 4] |
|||
vacant | |||||||||
Nancy Hollister | |||||||||
66 | Nancy Hollister (born 1949) |
December 31, 1998 | January 11, 1999 | Republican | vacant | 1⁄2 [note 14] |
|||
67 | Bob Taft (born 1942) |
January 11, 1999 | January 8, 2007 | Republican | Maureen O'Connor | 2 | |||
Jennette Bradley | |||||||||
Bruce Edward Johnson | |||||||||
vacant | |||||||||
68 | Ted Strickland (born 1941) |
January 8, 2007 | January 10, 2011 | Democratic | Lee Fisher | 1 | |||
69 | 75px | John Kasich (born 1952) |
January 10, 2011 | Incumbent | Republican | Mary Taylor | 2 [note 18] |
Other high offices held
This is a table of other governorships, congressional and other federal offices, and ranking diplomatic positions in foreign countries held by Ohio governors. All representatives and senators mentioned represented Ohio.
- * Denotes those offices for which the governor resigned the governorship.
- † Denotes those offices from which the governor resigned to take the governorship.
Living former U.S. governors of Ohio
As of May 2015[update], there are five former governors of Ohio who are currently living at this time, the oldest U.S. governor of Ohio being George Voinovich (1991–1998, born 1936). The most recent death of a former U.S. governor of Ohio was that of John J. Gilligan (1971–1975) on August 26, 2013, aged 92. The death of a former U.S. governor of Ohio who served most recently was that of Jim Rhodes (1963–1971 and 1975–1983), on March 4, 2001, aged 91.
Governor | Gubernatorial term | Date of birth (and age) |
---|---|---|
Dick Celeste | 1983–1991 | November 11, 1937 |
George Voinovich | 1991–1998 | July 15, 1936 |
Nancy Hollister | 1998–1999 | May 22, 1949 |
Bob Taft | 1999–2007 | January 8, 1942 |
Ted Strickland | 2007–2011 | August 4, 1941 |
See also
Notes
- ↑ St. Clair was appointed governor by the Continental Congress; being governor of the first territory of the United States, he predated presidential appointments (and indeed the presidency itself).[11]
- ↑ The office of lieutenant governor was not created until the 1851 Constitution, first being filled in 1852.
- ↑ The fractional terms of some governors are not to be understood absolutely literally; rather, they are meant to show single terms during which multiple governors served, due to resignations, deaths and the like.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 As speaker of the senate, acted as governor for unexpired term.
- ↑ The 1808 election was actually won by Return J. Meigs, Jr., but he was declared ineligible for office for failing the residency requirements.
- ↑ Resigned to be U.S. Postmaster General.
- ↑ Resigned to be Minister to Mexico.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 William Bebb's term officially ended in December 1848. However, due to the large number of close elections that year, the general assembly was delayed in qualifying governor-elect Seabury Ford, and William Bebb remained in office for an extra few weeks.
- ↑ Wood's first term was truncated to one year, due to the 1851 constitution moving elections one year back to odd-numbered years.
- ↑ Resigned to be consul in Valparaíso, Chile.
- ↑ As lieutenant governor, filled unexpired term, with no lieutenant, and was subsequently elected in his own right.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Died in office.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 As lieutenant governor, filled unexpired term.
- ↑ Resigned to be President of the United States.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 A 1905 amendment to the state constitution shifted elections forward one year, to take place on even years; thus, Pattison's term (completed by Lt. Governor Harris) was extended to three years.[18] Cite error: Invalid
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tag; name "pattison" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 17.0 17.1 Was prevented from running for a third term due to a limit on consecutive terms; ran successfully for a third term against the governor who followed his first terms, John Gilligan.
- ↑ Governor Kasich's second term expires on January 14, 2019. He is term limited.
References
- General
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- Constitutions
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- Specific
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- ↑ Ohio Constitution article III, § 5
- ↑ Ohio Constitution article III, § 10
- ↑ Ohio Constitution article II, § 16
- ↑ Ohio Constitution article III, § 8
- ↑ Ohio Constitution article III § 11
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- ↑ Article XVII (adopted November, 1905) of Constitution, section 2: "And the General Assembly shall have power to so extend existing terms of office as to effect the purpose of section 1 of this article." and section 3 : "Every elective officer holding office when this amendment is adopted shall continue to hold such office for the full term for which he was elected and until his successor shall be elected and qualified as provided by law." source: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Ohio Constitution article III, § 2
- ↑ Ohio Constitution article III, § 15
- ↑ Ohio Constitution article III, § 17
- ↑ Ohio Constitution article II, § 12
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External links
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