Indiana's 1st congressional district

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Jump to: navigation, search
Indiana's 1st congressional district
Indiana's 1st congressional district - since January 3, 2013.
Indiana's 1st congressional district - since January 3, 2013.
Current Representative Pete Visclosky (D–Merrillville)
Area 2,209.37 mi2 (5,722.27 km2)
Distribution 87.02% urban, 12.98% rural
Population (2000) 675,562
Median income $44,087
Ethnicity 75% White, 18.4% Black, 0.8% Asian, 10% Hispanic, 0.3% Native American, 3.9% other
Cook PVI D+9[1]

Indiana's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Indiana. The district is based in Gary and its surrounding suburbs and exurbs. From 2003 to 2013 it consisted of all of the counties of Benton, Jasper, Lake, Newton, and part of Porter County in the northwestern part of the state. Lake County, where Gary is located, contains over 70 percent of the district's population. Redistricting passed by the Indiana General Assembly in 2011 shifted the district's boundaries, effective January 2013, to include all of Lake and Porter counties and the western and northwestern townships of LaPorte County, while moving Benton, Jasper and Newton counties out of the district.

The district is currently represented by Democrat Pete Visclosky.

The district's character is very different from the rest of Indiana. It is virtually coextensive with the Indiana side of the Chicago metropolitan area. While Porter and LaPorte counties are swing counties, Lake County is heavily Democratic, making this district one of the most Democratic white-majority districts in the nation.

List of representatives

Representative Party Years Electoral history
District created
 March 4, 1823
No image.svg William Prince Jacksonian
Democratic-Republican		 March 4, 1823 –
September 8, 1824		 Elected in 1822.
Died.
Vacant September 8, 1824 –
December 23, 1824
No image.svg Jacob Call Jacksonian
Democratic-Republican		 December 23, 1824 –
March 3, 1825		 Elected to finish Prince's term.
[Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Ratliffboonindiana.jpg Ratliff Boon March 4, 1825 –
March 3, 1827		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg Thomas H. Blake March 4, 1827 –
March 3, 1829		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Ratliffboonindiana.jpg Ratliff Boon March 4, 1829 –
March 3, 1837		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
March 4, 1837 –
March 3, 1839
No image.svg George H. Proffit March 4, 1839 –
March 3, 1843		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Robertdaleowenindiana.jpg Robert D. Owen March 4, 1843 –
March 3, 1847		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg Elisha Embree March 4, 1847 –
March 3, 1849		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg Nathaniel Albertson March 4, 1849 –
March 3, 1851		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg James Lockhart March 4, 1851 –
March 3, 1853		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg Smith Miller March 4, 1853 –
March 3, 1857		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg James Lockhart March 4, 1857 –
September 7, 1857		 Died.
Williameniblackindiana.jpg William E. Niblack December 7, 1857 –
March 3, 1861		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg John Law March 4, 1861 –
March 3, 1865		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Williameniblackindiana.jpg William E. Niblack March 4, 1865 –
March 3, 1875		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
BSFuller.jpg Benoni S. Fuller March 4, 1875 –
March 3, 1879		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
WilliamHeilman.jpg William Heilman March 4, 1879 –
March 3, 1883		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg John J. Kleiner March 4, 1883 –
March 3, 1887		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Gen Alvin P Hovey 06985r.jpg Alvin P. Hovey March 4, 1887 –
January 17, 1889		 Resigned after being elected Governor
Vacant January 17, 1889 –
January 29, 1889
No image.svg Francis B. Posey January 29, 1889 –
March 3, 1889		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg William F. Parrett March 4, 1889 –
March 3, 1893		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg Arthur H. Taylor March 4, 1893 –
March 3, 1895		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Hemenway.jpg James A. Hemenway March 4, 1895 –
March 3, 1905		 Resigned at close of Congress after being elected US Senator
Vacant March 4, 1905 –
May 16, 1905
No image.svg John H. Foster May 16, 1905 –
March 3, 1909		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg John W. Boehne March 4, 1909 –
March 3, 1913		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
CharlesLieb.jpg Charles Lieb March 4, 1913 –
March 3, 1917		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg George K. Denton March 4, 1917 –
March 3, 1919		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg Oscar R. Luhring March 4, 1919 –
March 3, 1923		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg William E. Wilson March 4, 1923 –
March 3, 1925		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg Harry E. Rowbottom March 4, 1925 –
March 3, 1931		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
No image.svg John W. Boehne, Jr. March 4, 1931 –
March 3, 1933		 Redistricted to the 8th district.
WilliamTSchulte.jpg William T. Schulte March 4, 1933 –
January 3, 1943		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
100px Ray J. Madden January 3, 1943 –
January 3, 1977		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Adam Benjamin, Jr..jpg Adam Benjamin, Jr. January 3, 1977 –
September 7, 1982		 Died.
Vacant September 7, 1982 –
November 2, 1982
Katie Beatrice Hall.jpg Katie B. Hall November 2, 1982 –
January 3, 1985		 [Data unknown/missing. You can help!]
Vislosky2007.jpg Pete Visclosky January 3, 1985 –
Present		 First elected in 1984.

Historical Election Results

General election 1824[2]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ratliff Boon 4,281 42.1
Independent Jacob Call 3,222 31.7
National Republican Thomas H. Blake 2,661 26.2
General election 1826[3]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
National Republican Thomas H. Blake 5,223 43.0
Democratic Ratliff Boon 5,202 42.8
Independent Lawrence S. Shuler 1,723 14.2
General election 1828[4]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ratliff Boon 7,272 52.2
National Republican Thomas H. Blake 6,671 47.8
General election 1830[5]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ratliff Boon 11,280 50.9
Democratic John Law 10,868 49.1
General election 1832[6]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ratliff Boon 3,973 50.6
Independent Dennis Pennington 1,120 14.3
Independent Robert M. Evans 1,069 13.6
Independent James R. E. Goodlet 788 10.0
Independent Seth M. Levenworth 611 7.8
General election 1834[7]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ratliff Boon 4,028 51.4
Whig John G. Clendenin 3,815 48.6
General election 1836[8]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ratliff Boon 4,534 50.4
Whig John Pitcher 4,467 49.6
General election 1838[9]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig George H. Proffit 6,008 53.5
Democratic Robert Dale Owen 5,229 46.5
General election 1840[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig Joseph Trumbull 5,142 57.1
Democratic Thomas Seymour 3,867 42.9
General election 1842[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Robert Dale Owen 6,679 52.2
Whig John W. Payne 6,127 47.8
General election 1844[12]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Robert Dale Owen 7,336 53.7
Whig George P. R. Wilson 6,331 46.3
General election 1846[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Whig Elisha Embree 7,446 51.4
Democratic Robert Dale Owen 7,054 48.7
General election 1848[14]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Nathaniel Albertson 8,271 52.1
Whig Elisha Embree 7,598 47.9
General election 1850[15]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic James Lockhart 8,173 51.0
Whig Lemuel Debruler 7,855 49.0
General election 1852[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Smith Miller 9,007 59.0
Whig Kea 9,007 51.0
General election 1854[17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Smith Miller 9,864 52.2
American Hall 9,051 47.9
General election 1856[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic James Lockhart 12,747 61.5
Republican James C. Veatch 7,977 38.5
General election 1858[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William E. Niblack 10,329
Republican Alvin P. Hovey 8,946 46.4
General election 1860[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic John Law 13,476 55.7
Republican Lemuel Debruler 10,731 44.3
General election 1862[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic John Law 11,963 53.1
National Union Johnson 10,583 46.9
General election 1864[10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William E. Niblack 14,718 53.9
National Union Cyrus M. Allen 112,616 46.2
General election 1866[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William E. Niblack 17,255 52.0
Republican Lemuel Debruler 15,905 48.0
General election 1868[23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William E. Niblack 18,116 52.1
Republican James Veatch 16,631 47.9
General election 1870[24]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William E. Niblack 17,577 53.4
Republican Hy C. Goodling 15,327 46.6
General election 1872[25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William E. Niblack 19,259 50.2
Republican Heilman 19,127 49.8
General election 1874[26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Benoni S. Fuller 12,864 50.7
Republican Heilman 12,527 49.3
General election 1876[27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Benoni S. Fuller 14,727 50.6
Republican C. A. Debruler 13,158 45.2
General election 1878[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican William Heilman 13,928 48.7
Democratic Thomas E. Garvin 13,928 48.7
Greenback Thomas F. Drebruler 1,595 5.6
General election 1880[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican William Heilman 17,719 49.4
Democratic John Kleiner 17,420 48.6
General election 1882[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic John Kleiner 18,048 51.6
Republican William Heilman 16,399 46.9
General election 1884[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic John J. Kleiner 19,930 51.5
Republican William H. Gudgel 18,493 47.8
General election 1886[32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Alvin P. Hovey 18,258 49.0
Democratic J. E. McCullough 16,901 45.4
General election 1888[33]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William F. Parrett 20,647 49.3
Republican Frank B. Posey 20,627 49.3
General election 1890[34]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William F. Parrett 17,730 50.4
Republican James S. Wright 16,875 48.0
General election 1892[35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Arthur H. Taylor 19,720 47.4
Republican A. P. Twineham 19,266 46.3
Populist Moses Smith 2,110 5.1
General election 1894[36]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican James A. Hemenway 20,535 47.8
Democratic Arthur H. Taylor 18,245 42.5
Populist James A. Boyce 3,820 8.9
General election 1896[37]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican James A. Hemenway 21,807 49.6
Democratic Thomas Duncan 20,856 47.4
General election 1898[38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican James A. Hemenway 20,383 50.7
Democratic Thomas Duncan 19,337 48.1
General election 1900[39]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican James A. Hemenway 22,262 49.7
Democratic Alfred Dale Owen 22,060 49.3
General election 1902[40]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican James A. Hemenway 21,542 52.0
Democratic John W. Spencer 17,833 43.1
General election 1904[41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican James A. Hemenway 23,158 51.1
Democratic Albert G. Holcomb 19,399 42.8
General election 1906[42]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican James H. Foster 20c278 50.0
Democratic Gusatvus V. Menzies 18,959 46.7
General election 1908[43]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic John W. Boehne 23,054 48.3
Republican John H. Foster 22,965 48.1
General election 1910[44]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic John W. Boehne 22,420 52.3
Republican Francis B. Posey 18,606 43.4
General election 1912[45]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Charles Lieb 20,014 45.7
Republican D.H. Ortmeyer 13,158 30.0
Progressive Humphrey C. Heidt 6,022 13.7
Socialist William H Rainey 3,737 8.5
General election 1914[46]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Charles Lieb 20,488 46.6
Republican S. Wallace Cook 17,661 40.1
Progressive U.H Seider 3,519 8.0
General election 1916[47]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic George F. Denton 23,278 48.1
Republican S. Wallace Cook 22,955 47.4
General election 1918[48]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Oscar R. Luhring 20,440 52.0
Democratic George K. Denton 18,837 48.0
General election 1920[49]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Oscar R. Luhring 44,694 51.7
Democratic William E. Wilson 36,834 42.6
General election 1922[50]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William . Wilson 42,797 53.6
Republican Oscar . Luhring 36,835 44.9
General election 1924[51]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Harry E. Rowbottom 48,203 52.1
Democratic William E. Wilson 44,335 47.9
General election 1926[52]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Harry E. Rowbottom 37,503 52.4
Democratic William E. Wilson 34,061 47.6
General election 1928[53]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Harry E. Rowbottom 49,013 50.8
Democratic John W. Boehne, Jr. 47,404 49.2
General election 1930[54]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic John W. Boehne, Jr. 46,836 53.9
Republican Harry E. Rowbottom 40,015 46.1
General election 1932[55]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William T. Schulte 45,473 50.0
Republican Oscar A. Ahlgren 42,575 46.8
General election 1934[56]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William T. Schulte 44,983 53.5
Republican E. Miles Norton 38,531 45.9
General election 1936[57]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William T. Schulte 68,210 66.4
Republican Fred F. Schultx 24,259 33.3
General election 1938[58]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William T.Schulte 56,630 54.9
Republican M. Elliott Belshaw 46,370 45.0
General election 1940[59]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic William T. Schulte 71,606 60.8
Republican Elliot Belshaw 45,947 39.0
General election 1942[39]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 44,334 53.6
Republican Samuel W. Cullison 38,450 48.5
General election 1944[60]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 75,635 61.3
Republican Otto G. Fifield 46,969 38.1
General election 1946[61]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 51,809 51.9
Republican Charles W. Gannon 46,677 48.8
General election 1948[62]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 78,898 60.7
Republican Theodore L. Sendak 50,194 38.6
General election 1950[63]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 62,666 52.6
Republican Paul Cyr 56,063 47.0
General election 1952[64]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 93,187 56.4
Republican Elliot Belshaw 71,617 43.3
General election 1954[65]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 81,217 61.4
Republican Robert H. More 50,439 38.2
General election 1956[66]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 93,658 52.6
Republican Donald K. Stimson Jr. 84,125 47.2
General election 1958[67]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 95,801 66.4
Republican Edward P. Keck 47,588 33.0
General election 1960[68]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 136,443 64.7
Republican Phillip P. Parker 73,984 35.1
General election 1962[69]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 104,212 60.5
Republican Harold Moody 67,230 39.0
General election 1964[70]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 133,089 63.7
Republican Arthur Endres 75,226 36.0
General election 1966[71]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 71,040 58.3
Republican Albert F. Harrigan 50,804 41.7
General election 1968[72]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 90,055 56.7
Republican Donalrd E. Taylor 68,318 43.0
General election 1970[73]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 73,145 65.6
Republican Eugene M. Kirtland 38,294 34.4
General election 1972[74]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 95,873 56.9
Republican Bruce R. Haller 72,662 43.1
General election 1974[75]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Ray J. Madden 71,759 68.6
Republican Joseph D. Harkin 32,793 31.4
General election 1976 [76]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Adam Benjamin, Jr. 121,155 71.3
Republican Robert J. Billings 48,756 31.7
General election 1978 [77]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Adam Benjamin, Jr. 72,367 80.2%
Republican Robert J. Billings 17,419 19.3
U.S. Labor Christopher Martinson 384 0.4%
General election 1980 [78]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Adam Benjamin, Jr. 112,016 72.0%
Republican Joseph Douglas Harkin 43,537 28.0%

Recent Electoral Results

2002

Indiana's 1st Congressional District Election (2002)
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Pete Visclosky* 90,443 66.94
Republican Mark J. Leyva 41,909 31.02
Libertarian Timothy P. Brennan 2,759 2.04
Total votes 135,111 100.00
Voter turnout  %
Democratic hold

2004

Indiana's 1st Congressional District Election (2004)
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Pete Visclosky* 178,406 68.29
Republican Mark J. Leyva 82,858 31.71
Total votes 261,264 100.00
Voter turnout  %
Democratic hold

2006

Indiana's 1st Congressional District Election (2006)
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Pete Visclosky* 104,195 69.65
Republican Mark J. Leyva 40,146 26.83
Independent Chuck Barman 5,266 3.52
Total votes 149,607 100.00
Voter turnout  %
Democratic hold

2008

Indiana's 1st Congressional District Election (2008)
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Pete Visclosky* 199,954 70.90
Republican Mark J. Leyva 76,647 27.18
Libertarian Jeff Duensing 5,421 1.92
Total votes 282,022 100.00
Voter turnout  %
Democratic hold

2010

Indiana's 1st Congressional District Election (2010)
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Pete Visclosky* 99,387 58.56
Republican Mark J. Leyva 65,558 38.63
Libertarian Jon Morris 4,762 2.81
Total votes 169,707 100.00
Voter turnout  %
Democratic hold

2012

Indiana's 1st Congressional District Election (2012) [79]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Pete Visclosky* 187,743 67.28
Republican Joel Phelps 91,291 32.72
Total votes 279,034 100.00
Voter turnout  %
Democratic hold

2014

Indiana's 1st Congressional District Election, (2014)[80]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Pete Visclosky* 86,579 60.85
Republican Mark Leyva 51,000 35.84
Libertarian Donna Dunn 4,714 3.31
Independent James Johnson Jr. (Write-in) 0 0.00
Total votes 142,293 100.00
Democratic hold

Living former Members

As of May 2015, no former members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Indiana's 1st congressional district are alive.

Historical district boundaries

2003 - 2013

See also

References

  1. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 545
  3. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 548
  4. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 551
  5. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 556
  6. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 560
  7. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 564
  8. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 568
  9. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 572
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Congressional Quarterly
  11. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 578
  12. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 582
  13. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 585
  14. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 589
  15. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 593
  16. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 595
  17. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 598
  18. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 601
  19. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 605
  20. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 607
  21. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 610
  22. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 616
  23. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 619
  24. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 623
  25. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 626
  26. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 630
  27. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 634
  28. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 638
  29. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 642
  30. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 646
  31. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 650
  32. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 654
  33. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 658
  34. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 662
  35. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 667
  36. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 672
  37. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 677
  38. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 682
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 Congressional Quarterly, p. 687
  40. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 690
  41. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 696
  42. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 693
  43. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 702
  44. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 710
  45. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 718
  46. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 723
  47. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 729
  48. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 736
  49. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 741
  50. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 747
  51. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 751
  52. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 756
  53. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 761
  54. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 766
  55. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 771
  56. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 776
  57. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 781
  58. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 786
  59. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 791
  60. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 801
  61. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 806
  62. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 811
  63. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 816
  64. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 821
  65. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 826
  66. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 831
  67. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 836
  68. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 842
  69. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 847
  70. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 852
  71. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 857
  72. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 862
  73. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 867
  74. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 872
  75. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, p. 877
  76. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  77. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  78. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  79. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  80. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :1

External links

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

Retrieved from "https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Indiana%27s_1st_congressional_district&oldid=722988869"