List of rocket launch sites

This article constitutes a list of rocket launch sites. Some of these sites are known as spaceports or cosmodromes. A single rocket launch is sufficient for inclusion in the table, as long as the site is properly documented through a reference. Missile locations with no launches are not included in the list. Proposed and planned sites and sites under construction are not included in the main tabulation, but may appear in condensed lists under the tables.

A shorter list of spaceports for human spaceflight and satellite launches is available in the article Spaceport.

Table specification

Sorting order

• operational date;
• Countries in alphabetical order within a table;
• Launch sites within a country are sorted chronologically according to start of operations.

Column specification

• Country – territory of the site (the organisation responsible for the launches may reside elsewhere, as indicated in the notes column;
• Location – Name of launch site (sometimes also province etc.)
• Coordinates – geographical coordinates
• Operational date – the period of years of launch activities
• Number of rocket launches – the total number of launches, including failed launches
• Heaviest rocket launched – total mass at lift-off
• Highest achieved altitude – height in km above launch site
• Notes – comments

Africa

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
Algeria	Hammaguira French Special Weapons Test Centre, Hammaguir		1947–1967		18 000 kg	Orbital	Operated by France.
Algeria	Reggane		1961–1965	10
Congo (Zaire)	Shaba North, Kapani Tonneo OTRAG Launch Center		1977–1978	3		<50 km	German OTRAG rockets.
Egypt	Jabal Hamzah ballistic missile test and launch facility		Late 1950s–present	6			Al Zafir and Al Kahir SRBMs testing
Kenya	Broglio Space Centre (San Marco), Malindi		1964–1988	27	20 000 kg	Orbital	Scout rockets, operated by ASI and Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
Libya	Sabha, Tawiwa OTRAG Launch Center		1981–1982			50 km	German OTRAG rockets.
Mauretania	Nouadhibou		1973–1973	1			During a solar eclipse
South Africa	Overberg South African Test Centre		1989–1990				Launched test mission rockets only.

Asia

Note that some Russian cosmodromes appear in this section, some in the section Europe

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
China	Base 603, Shijiedu, Guangde		1960–1966		1 000 kg	<60 km
China	Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center		1970–		464 000 kg	Orbital	Human spaceflight
China	Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center		1980–			Orbital	Polar satellites
China	Xichang Satellite Launch Center		1984–			Lunar	Geo-synchronous satellites, lunar probes.
China	Jingyu
India	Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, thumba		1962–	>2000
India	Balasore, in the state of Odisha
India	Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota), Andhra Pradesh		1971–		402 000 kg	Interplanetary	Satellites and lunar probes;
India	Abdul Kalam Island
Indonesia	Stasiun Peluncuran Roket, Pameungpeuk, Garut		1965–	14+	765 kg	100 km
Iran	Qom Space Center		1991				Military testing
Iran	Emamshahr Space Center		1998				Military testing and sounding rockets for ISA.
Iran	Semnan spaceport		2009–	2		Orbital
Iraq	Al-Anbar Test Centre		1989				Out of function
Israel	Palmachim Air Force Base		1987–	9	70 000 kg	Orbital
Japan	Akita		1956–1990	81		343 km
Japan	Uchinoura Space Center		1962–		139 000 kg	Interplanetary
Japan	Tanegashima Space Center, Tanegashima Island		1967–		445 000 kg	Interplanetary
Japan	Ryori		1970–
Japan	Niijima
Japan	Obachi
Kazakhstan	Baikonur Cosmodrome, Tyuratam		1957–	>1000	2 400 000 kg	Interplanetary	First satellite, first human. Operated by Russia.
Kazakhstan	Sary Shagan		1958–
Korea, North	Musudan-ri		1998–				Military rockets; satellite launch
Korea, North	Sohae		2012–				Military rockets; satellite launch
Korea South	Anhueng		1993–
Korea, South	Naro Space Center, Gohueng		2008	3		Orbital	Attempted satellite launches
Maldives	Gan Island						Several rockets of the Kookaburra type were launched from a pad at 0°41' S and 73°9' E
Pakistan	Sonmiani Satellite Launch Center, Las Bela, Balochistan		1960s –				Sounding rockets, missile testing, for SUPARCO.
Pakistan	Tilla Satellite Launch Center, Jhelum District, Punjab		1980s –				Sounding rockets, missile testing, for SUPARCO.
Russia	Kheysa		1956–1980
Russia	Svobodny Cosmodrome, Amur Oblast		1957–		47 000 kg	Orbital	ICBM base converted for satellites
Russia	Sovetskaya Gavan		1963–1964	6		402 km
Russia	Okhotsk		1981–2005			1000 km
Russia	Yasny Cosmodrome (formerly Dombarovskiy), Orenburg Oblast		2006–		211 000 kg	Orbital	ICBM base converted for satellites
Russia	Vostochny Cosmodrome, Amur Oblast, Russia		28 April 2016–				Facility on Russian territory to supplement Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan
Taiwan	Haiqian		1988-		10 000 kg	300 km	Science and technology development

Proposed or planned spaceports and rocket launch sites in Asia

• Biak Spaceport, Papua province, Indonesia (Indonesia/Russia)
• Kulasekarapattinam spaceport, Tamil Nadu, India.
• Wenchang Satellite Launch Center, China

Europe

Note that some European countries operate spaceports in Africa, South America, or other equatorial regions. These spaceports are listed in this article according to their geographical location. Some Russian-controlled launch sites are listed as being in Asia.

Note that some Russian cosmodromes appear in this section, some in the section Asia

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
France	Ile de Levant		1948–
Germany	Rocket Launch Site Berlin, Berlin-Tegel		1930–1933			4 km
Germany	Peenemünde/Greifswalder Oie		1942–1945	>3000	12 500 kg	>100 km	V-2 rockets during World War II.
Germany	Cuxhaven	)	1945–1964
Germany	Hespenbusch, Großenkneten		1952–1957			<10 km
Germany	Zingst		1970–1992	67		80 km
Greece	Koroni		1966–1989	371		114 km
Iceland	Vik		1964–1965	2
Italy	Salto di Quirra		1964–
Norway	Andøya Rocket Range		1962–	>900	700 kg		Rockets to the upper atmosphere.
Norway	Marka		1983–1984		16 kg
Norway	SvalRak		1997–
Poland	Tuchola Forest		1944–1945				Nazi-German V-2 rockets
Poland	Łeba		1941–1945				Nazi-German rockets
Poland	Łeba-Rąbka		1963–1973	36			Polish rockets
Poland	Blizna		1943–1944	139			Nazi-German V-2 rockets
Russia	Kapustin Yar Cosmodrome, Astrakhan Oblast		1957–			Orbital	Previously for satellite launches
Russia	Nyonoksa		1965–1997
Russia	Plesetsk Cosmodrome		1966–	>1000	300 000 kg	Orbital
Spain	El Arenosillo		1966–	>500
Sweden	Nausta		1961–1961	1	30 kg	<80 km	Arcas rocket for atmospheric research.
Sweden	Kronogård		1961–1964	18	700 kg	135 km	Arcas, Nike-Cajun and Nike-Apache rockets for atmospheric research.
Sweden	Esrange, Kiruna		1966–1972	150	700 kg	237 km	Operated by ESRO.
Sweden	Esrange, Kiruna		1972–	300	12 400 kg	717 km	Operated by SSC. Major programmes: Maxus, TEXUS, Maser, stratospheric balloons.
United Kingdom	The Needles		1956–1971
United Kingdom	South Uist		1959–

Proposed or planned spaceports in Europe

• Spaceport Sweden, Kiruna

North America

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
Canada	Fort Churchill, Manitoba		1954–1985	>3500			Canadian Army.
Canada	Resolute Bay, Nunavut		1966–1971	17			National Research Council Canada.
Canada	Hall Beach		1971–1971	7		270 km
Canada	Southend		1980–1980	2	1 200 kg
Greenland (Denmark)	Thule Air Base		1964–1980				US Air Force
United States	Wallops Flight Facility, Delmarva Peninsula, Virginia		1945–				Now operated by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
United States	White Sands Missile Range		1946–	>7000			Military and civilian flights. Served as alternate landing site for the space shuttle.
United States	Nevada Test and Training Range (formerly Nellis Air Force Range)		1950s–
United States	Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida		1956–			Interplanetary	Commercial and U.S. Government unmanned missions.
United States	Vandenberg Air Force Base, California		1958–			Orbital	Satellites, ballistic missile tests. Government and commercial launches.
United States	Kennedy Space Center, Florida		1963–	151	3 000 000 kg	Lunar	Launched each NASA manned mission. Adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.
United States	Pacific Missile Range Facility, Hawaii		1963–				testing of antiballistic missile and missile tracking by the US Navy.
United States	Keweenaw, Michigan		1964–1971	>50	770 kg	<160 km	Currently inactive
United States	Kodiak Launch Complex, Alaska		1991–	14	86 000 kg	Orbital	Ballistic missile interceptor tests, satellite launches. Alaska Aerospace Corporation.
United States	Mojave Air and Space Port, California		2004–			112 km	Privately-funded spaceflights (SpaceShipOne, SpaceShipTwo).
United States	Spaceport America (formerly Southwest Regional Spaceport), Upham, New Mexico		2006–	8			Sub-orbital commercial and planned space tourist launches. Joint venture between state of New Mexico and Virgin Galactic.
United States	Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport (MARS), Delmarva Peninsula, Virginia		2006–	6	89 805 kg	Lunar	Operates in partnership with NASA, adjacent to the Wallops Flight Facility site. Designed for both commercial and government launches.

Additional rocket launch sites in North America

Please delete items or move them to the table above with appropriate data and references.

• Barbados,
• Barter Island (United States,
• Black Mesa (United States,
• Charlestown, Rhode Island (United States,
• Com Range (United States,
• Cape Parry (Canada,
• Cold Lake (Canada,
• Datil (United States,
• Eareckson (United States, Aleut islands,
• Eglin Air Force Base (United States,
• Fort Bliss (United States,
• Fort Greely (United States,
• Fort Sherman (United States,

• Fort Wingate (United States,
• Fort Yukon (United States,
• Gillam (Canada,
• Gilson Butte (United States,
• Grand Turk Island
• Green River Launch Complex
• Holloman (United States,
• Kwajalein (United States, Atoll in the Pacific,
• Mercury (USA,
• NAOTS (United States,
• North Truro Air Force Station (United States,
• Point Arguello (United States,
• Point Barrow(United States,
• Point Mugu (United States,
• Poker Flat Research Range (United States,

• Primrose Lake (Canada,
• Ramey (Puerto Rico,
• Red Lake (Canada,
• Resolute Bay (Canada,
• San Clemente (United States, California,
• San Nicolas Island(United States, California,
• Santiago Ixcuintla (Mexico,
• Sheboygan, Wisconsin, United States, |
• Sierra de Juarez (Mexico,
• Sondre Stromfjord (Greenland, )
• Tonopah Test Range (United States,
• Yuma (United States,

Proposed or planned spaceports in North America

• Cape Breton Spaceport (aka Cape Breton Space Center), Nova Scotia,
• Cape Rich, LFCATC Meaford, Ontario
• Corn Ranch, Van Horn, Texas
• Front Range Spaceport, Aurora, Colorado
• Oklahoma Spaceport, Burns Flat,
• Spaceport Canada, near Fort Churchill, Manitoba,
• Spaceport Indiana, Columbus Municipal Airport, Columbus, Indiana
• SpaceX South Texas Launch Site
• Spaceport Sheboygan, Wisconsin,

South America

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
Argentina	Puerto Belgrano		2017				Launch pad for future Tronador II under construction (CONAE)
Argentina	Punta Indio		2014 -	2	2 800 kg	2.2 km	Civilian Launch Test Site (CONAE)
Argentina	CELPA		1962 - 1974 / 2011 -	100 (approximately)	933 kg	550 km	Military Launch Test Site (CITIDEF)
Argentina	Serrezuela		2009	1	500 kg	40 km	Military test (Gradicom I)
Argentina	Las Palmas		1966–1966	2	3 400 kg	270 km	During a solar eclipse, with Titus rockets.
Argentina	Tartagal		1966–1966				During a solar eclipse
Argentina	Mar Chiquita		1968–1972	11
Argentina	Villa Reynolds		1973–1973	2
Argentina	Pampa de Achala		1961 - 1962	8	28 kg	25 km	First Argentine launch site.
Brazil	Natal/Barreira		1965–	233		1100 km
Brazil	Praia do Cassino		1966–1966	27
Brazil	Alcântara Launch Center, Maranhão		1990–	35	6 737 kg	956 km	Brazilian Air Force, Brazilian Space Agency. Planned satellite launches.
French Guiana	Guiana Space Centre, Kourou		1968–	<200	777 000 kg	Interplanetary	Operated by CNES for ESA; launch base for Arianespace. Commercial and governmental launches.
Peru	Chilca
Peru	Punta Lobos				2 000 kg
Suriname	Coronie		1965–1965	4		205 km

Proposed or planned spaceports in South America

• Spaceport Curaçao
• Puerto Belgrano Launch Pad

Australia and New Zealand

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
Australia	Woomera Test Range		1950s–		28 000 kg	Orbital	British/Australian government research facility. Missile testing, 2 satellite launches.
Australia	Carnarvon		1964–1965	12		120 km
Australia	Lancelin		1974–1974	2			During a total solar eclipse
New Zealand	Birdling's Flat

Proposed or planned spaceports in Australia and New Zealand

• Cape York (Australia, ), Proposed site for Russian Zenit launches.
• Christmas Island, planned by Australia and Japan

Other

Country	Location	Coordinates	Operational date	Number of rocket launches	Heaviest rocket launched	Highest achieved altitude	Notes
Marshall Island	Omelek		1950s-		39 000 kg	Orbital	ICBM base converted for satellites. SpaceX Falcon 1. Close to the equator.
	Ocean Odyssey complex	Mobile	1999–	30	462 000 kg	Orbital	Mobile satellite launch platform operated by Sea Launch. Uses a converted oil platform that plies between Long Beach, California, where a Zenit-3SL rocket is collected, and the equator, where the rocket is launched.
	Russian Delta class submarines	Mobile	1998–	2	30 000 kg	Orbital	Launch of unmanned satellites into Earth orbit via converted SLBM missile Shtil from the Barents Sea.

Additional rocket launch sites in the oceans and Antarctica

Please delete items or move them to the table above with appropriate data and references.

• Ascension Island (Atlantic island, )
• Barking Sands (Pacific island, )
• Base Matienzo (Antarctica, )
• Bigen Island (Marshall Islands, )
• Bikini Atoll (Atoll in the Pacific, launches in conjunction with nuclear bomb tests, )
• Dumont d'Urville (Antarctica, )

• Eniwetok (Atoll in the Pacific, launches in conjunction with nuclear bomb tests, )
• Guam, )
• Johnston Atoll (Pacific island, )
• Kerguelen (South Pacific island, )
• Kindley Air Force Base (Bermuda islands, )
• McMurdo Station (Antarctica, )

• Molodyozhnaya (Antarctica), )
• Rarotonga (Cook Islands, )
• Rothera (Antarctica, )
• Siple (Antarctica, )
• Syowa Base (Antarctica, )
• Vicecomodoro Marambio Station (Antarctica, )
• Wake Island (Pacific island, )

See also

• Launch pad
• Spaceport, including lists of spaceports that have achieved satellite launches and launches of humans

External links

• Overview of rocket launch sites worldwide – astronautix.com
• Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral – nasa.gov
• Description and map of Cape Canaveral – astronautix.com
• Missile Range Tool – Carlos Labs
• Baikonur – russianspaceweb.com
• Description and map of Baikonur – astronautix.com
• Description and map of Kourou – astronautix.com
• Rocket launch site Kiruna – astronautix.com
• Homepage of Esrange – ssc.se
• Rocket launch site Salto di Quirra – astronautix.com