Lyubavichi, Rudnyansky District, Smolensk Oblast
Lyubavichi (English) Любавичи (Russian) ליובאוויטש (Yiddish) |
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- Rural locality[1] - Village[1] |
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![]() Location of Smolensk Oblast in Russia |
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Administrative status (as of September 2008) | |
Country | Russia |
Federal subject | Smolensk Oblast[1] |
Administrative district | Rudnyansky District[1] |
Rural settlement | Lyubavichskoye Rural Settlement[1] |
Administrative center of | Lyubavichskoye Rural Settlement[2] |
Municipal status (as of April 2006) | |
Municipal district | Rudnyansky Municipal District[3] |
Rural settlement | Lyubavichskoye Rural Settlement[3] |
Administrative center of | Lyubavichskoye Rural Settlement[3] |
Statistics | |
Time zone | MSK (UTC+03:00)[4] |
First mentioned | c. 1654[citation needed] |
Postal code(s)[5] | 216774 |
[[:commons:Category:{{#property:Commons category}}|Lyubavichi]] on Wikimedia Commons |
Lyubavichi (Russian: Люба́вичи; Yiddish: ליובאוויטש, Lyubavitsh; Polish: Lubawicze) is a rural locality (a village) in Rudnyansky District of Smolensk Oblast, Russia.
History
The village is known to have existed in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth since at least 1654.[6] In 1784, it was mentioned as a small town,[7] then a possession of the magnate Lubomirski family.[7] After the Partition of Poland village was annexed by the Russian Empire. During the French invasion of Russia in 1812, the village was occupied by Napoleonic troops for two weeks.[8]
In the days of the Russian Empire, the village was a shtetl in Orshansky Uyezd of Mogilev Governorate.[9] In 1857, it had a population of 2,500[citation needed]. However, according to another source from ca.1880, only 1516 inhabitants (978 Jews) were reported there, as well as 313 houses, 2 orthodox churches and 2 houses of prayer (shuls).[7]
In the late 19th–early 20th centuries, the largest market in Mogilev Governorate, with a turn-over of over 1.5 million rubles, was held in Lyubavichi.[citation needed] After the October Revolution, the Hasidic leadership left Lyubavichi, and the Jewish population of the village gradually declined and secularized.[10]
During World War II, on November 4, 1941, 483 local Jews were massacred by the Nazis and their collaborators.[10]
The village is primarily known worldwide as the namesake and former headquarters of the Chabad-Lubavitch branch of Hasidic Judaism.[10]
Gallery
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Menachem Mendel Schneersohn (1789-1866), 3rd Rebbe of Chabad Hasidism is buried in Lyubavichi, along with his successor Shmuel Schneersohn (1834-1882)
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1882 map of White Russia regions. In the Russian Empire, Lyubavichi was a part of Mogilev Governorate (present-day Belarus)
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The Russian Empire Pale of Settlement where Jews were permitted to live. Shows Mogilev Governorate at the northeastern edge
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Chabad dynasty grave headstone
References
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Sources
- Администрация Смоленской области. Постановление №261 от 30 апреля 2008 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Смоленской области», в ред. Постановления №464 от 27 июня 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в реестр административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Смоленской области». Опубликован: База данных "Консультант-плюс". (Administration of Smolensk Oblast. Resolution #261 of April 30, 2008 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Territorial Units of Smolensk Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #464 of June 27, 2014 On Amending the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Territorial Units of Smolensk Oblast. ).
- Смоленская областная Дума. Закон №76-з от 1 декабря 2004 г. «О наделении статусом муниципального района муниципального образования Руднянский район Смоленской области, об установлении границ муниципальных образований, территории которых входят в его состав, и наделении их соответствующим статусом», в ред. Закона №111-з от 23 ноября 2011 г. «О внесении изменений в областной Закон "О наделении статусом муниципального района муниципального образования Руднянский район Смоленской области, об установлении границ муниципальных образований, территории которых входят в его состав, и наделении их соответствующим статусом"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вестник Смоленской областной Думы и Администрации Смоленской области", №12, часть II, стр. 104, 5 декабря 2004 г. (Smolensk Oblast Duma. Law #76-z of December 1, 2004 On Granting the Status of the Municipal District to the Municipal Formation of Rudnyansky District of Smolensk Oblast, on Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Whose Territories It Comprises, and on Granting Them Appropriate Status, as amended by the Law #111-z of November 23, 2011 On Amending the Oblast Law "On Granting the Status of the Municipal District to the Municipal Formation of Rudnyansky District of Smolensk Oblast, on Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Whose Territories It Comprises, and on Granting Them Appropriate Status". Effective as of the official publication date.).
External links
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Resolution #261, Territorial Units of Smolensk Oblast, Section Lyubavichskoye Rural Settlement of Rudnyansky District of Smolensk Oblast, line 1
- ↑ Resolution #261, Administrative-territorial Units of Smolensk Oblast, Section 16
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Law #76-z, Article 2.4
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Russian Post. Lyubavichi (Russian)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland, 1880-1914, Słownik Geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego tom V, s. 392 (Polish)
- ↑ Изображенiе военныхъ дѣйствий первой армiи въ 1812 году, Главнокомандующего и Военнаго Министра, Барклая де Толли. Стр. 9 // Чтенія в Императорском обществѣ исторіи и древностей россійских при Московском университетѣ, выпуск 27. М: Унив. тип., 1858.
- ↑ Исполнительный комитет Смоленского областного совета народных депутатов. Государственный архив Смоленской области. "Административно-территориальное устройство Смоленской области. Справочник", изд. "Московский рабочий", Москва 1981. Стр. 250
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Pages with reference errors
- Articles containing Russian-language text
- Articles with unsourced statements from February 2010
- Articles containing Yiddish-language text
- Articles containing Polish-language text
- Articles with unsourced statements from November 2010
- Articles with Hebrew-language external links
- Rural localities in Smolensk Oblast
- Chabad communities
- Historic Jewish communities
- Articles with Russian-language external links
- Articles with Polish-language external links