Mediastinoscopy
| Mediastinoscopy | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | {{#statements:P1995}} |
| ICD-9-CM | 34.22 |
| MeSH | D008481 |
| OPS-301 code | 1-691.1 |
Mediastinoscopy is a procedure that enables visualization of the contents of the mediastinum, usually for the purpose of obtaining a biopsy.[1] Mediastinoscopy is often used for staging of lymph nodes of lung cancer or for diagnosing other conditions affecting structures in the mediastinum such as sarcoidosis or lymphoma.[citation needed]
Mediastinoscopy involves making an incision approximately 1 cm above the suprasternal notch of the sternum, or breast bone. Dissection is carried out down to the pretracheal space and down to the carina. A scope (mediastinoscope) is then advanced into the created tunnel which provides a view of the mediastinum. The scope may provide direct visualization or may be attached to a video monitor.[citation needed]
Mediastinoscopy provides access to mediastinal lymph node levels 2, 4, and 7.[citation needed]
Current Use
Historically, mediastinoscopy has been the gold standard for the staging of lung cancer. However, with advances in minimally invasive procedures and imaging, mediastinoscopy usage has declined significantly.[2]
Extended mediastinoscopy
Extended mediastinoscopy is a technique which allows access to the pre-aortic (station 6) and aortopulmonary window (station 5) lymph nodes.[citation needed]
Parasternal mediastinotomy
Parasternal mediastinotomy, aka, a Chamberlain procedure, is the standard approach to access lymph nodes at stations 5 and 6.[citation needed]
References
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