Portal:Anarchism

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Anarchic a-white.svgNARCHISM PORTAL

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Anarchism (from Greek ἀν (without) + ἄρχειν (to rule) + ισμός (from stem -ιζειν), "without archons", "without rulers") is often defined as a political philosophy which holds the state to be undesirable, unnecessary, or harmful. Historically, anarchists have argued that while anti-statism is central, it is inadequate to define anarchism. This traditional notion of anarchism entails opposition to all authority or hierarchical organization in the conduct of human relations, including, but not limited to, the state system. In particular, it includes opposition church[disambiguation needed] and capital, resulting in the famous anarchist proclamations "Property is theft!" and "No gods, no masters!" Proponents of anarchism, known as "anarchists", advocate stateless societies based on non-hierarchical free associations.

Anarchism as a mass social movement has regularly endured fluctuations in popularity. The central tendency of anarchism as a social movement has been represented by anarcho-communism and anarcho-syndicalism, with individualist anarchism being primarily a literary phenomenon (which nevertheless did have an impact on the bigger currents, including the participation of individualists in large anarchist organizations). Many anarchists oppose all forms of aggression, supporting self-defense or non-violence (anarcho-pacifism), while others have supported the use of some coercive measures, including violent revolution and propaganda of the deed, on the path to an anarchist society.

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Theodore Kaczynski, ca. 1996

Theodore Kaczynski (born May 22, 1942) is an American anarchist and an important figure in the green anarchist and anarcho-primitivist movements. He was born in Chicago, Illinois, where, as an intellectual child prodigy, he excelled in academics from an early age. Kaczynski received an undergraduate degree from Harvard University and earned a PhD in mathematics from the University of Michigan. He became an assistant professor at the University of California, Berkeley at age twenty-five, but resigned two years later. In 1971, he moved to a remote cabin in Lincoln, Montana, where he sought to live closer to nature.

From 1978 to 1995, Kaczynski sent sixteen bombs to several people he saw as key agents in the development of the industrial society, creating what came to be known as the "Unabomber case". A total of three people died and twenty-three were injured. Kaczynski sent a letter to The New York Times on April 24, 1995 in which he threatened further attacks if his manifesto were not published. In the manifesto, called Industrial Society and Its Future, he argues that mass society is inherently oppressive to man, with its development progressively depriving the individual of his autonomy. He then refers to primitive society, without the dependence on large social institutions, as an ideal of freedom.

Anarchist authors such as John Zerzan and John Moore, have come to Kaczynski's defense, while expressing some concerns over his actions. He has also been criticised by primitivists for having failed to understand the underlying aspects of civilization/domestication, which he might have perceived as non-issues, such as poverty, sexism, racism and homophobia. Even outside the anarchist movement, Kaczynski's writing has been referenced for the importance of its critiques and for its analysis of technology in relation to social organization and freedom. Part of Kaczynski's manifesto was cited by the scientist and author Raymond Kurzweil in his book The Age of Spiritual Machines, and then mentioned in the article "Why the future doesn't need us" by computer scientist Bill Joy. His FBI-granted name, Unabomber ("UNiversity and Airline BOMber") stands now in popular culture both as an example of a lone-wolf mad bomber and a symbol of resistance against a future technological, Orwellian dystopia. (read more...)

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Drawing of Cuban anarchist Enrique Roig San Martin
Credit: El Productor

Drawing of Enrique Roig San Martin from an 1889 issue of El Productor, a Cuban anarchist magazine, which was published to commemorate Roig San Martin's death. Roig San Martín was an important figure in the early Cuban anarchist movement, and founded the Centro de Instrucción y Recreo de Santiago de las Vegas in 1882 with the primary goal of advocating trade unionism and collectivist anarchism.

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The Unabomber

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  • 1848 - France: Michael Bakunin returns to Paris this month after the February Revolution (demonstrations in Paris lead to overthrow of Louis Phillippe & declaration of the Second Republic (22-24)) & he publishes several letters in the press. Bakunin was expelled from France in December & had moved to Brussels (where he met his arch-nemesis Karl Marx again; they meet up yet again in March, where a split begins over Marx's denunciation of Bakunin's friend Herwegh, who had led an ill-fated expedition of German exiles to Baden in the hope of instigating an uprising).
  • 1849 - France: Nicolas Thomassin lives (1849-1919), Ardennes. A weaver, socialist, anarchist, participant in "Sans patrie" (formed October 18, 1891) with Gustave Bouillard, Pierre Leroux, Paulin Mailfait, etc.
  • 1886 - Maurice Vandamme, (aka Mauricius) (d.1974) lives. French néo-Malthusien, free-love advocate, anti-militarist, medical research doctor. One-time companion of Rirette Maitrejean. Involved in numerous papers, including Libertad's L'Anarchie, Sebastien Faure's Ce Qu'il Faut Dire (What Must Be Said) & Émile's la Mêlée.
  • 1895 - José Marti, Cuban revolutionary begins liberation struggle against Spain.
“The spectators in the orchestra of the theater fix their view on the scaffold — a sign, a noise, the trap door gives way, now they die, in a horrible dance, twisting in the air.
“José Martí wrote the story of the execution of the anarchists in Chicago. The working class of the world will bring them back to life every first of May. That was still unknown, but Martí always writes as if he is listening for the cry of a newborn where it is least expected.”
— Eduardo Galeano, “A Terrible Drama” Memories of Fire, Vol. II)
  • 1907 - Brazil: Inauguration of the libertarian "Social School of the Campinas League of Workers." The anarchist militant Adelino de Pinho begins teaching here in 1908.
  • 1924 - Uruguay: On the rue Monte Caseros, Montevideo Chief of Police Luis Pardeiro & his chauffeur are killed in a hail of bullets. An attentat against the renowned torturer of many anarchists (Miguel Arcangel Roscigno, et al), the attack is attributed to the anarchists Armando Guidot, Bruno Antonelli Dellabella & Francisco Sapia.
  • 1933 - England: Emma Goldman lectures in London on "Constructive Revolution."
  • 1939 - The CNT-FAI announced it will end activities abroad, thanked international community for its support.
  • 1951 - The French Groupes anarchistes d’action prolétarienne (Anarchist Groups of Proletarian Action) was formed in Italy by former members of the FAI excluded at the congress of Ancône.
  • 1966 - US: Barry Bondhus dumps 10 pounds of his own shit on draft files (or 22nd?) On being found suitable for military service, 20-year-old Barry Bondhus dumps two buckets of human shit into the files of the Sherburne County draft board at Elk River, MN. Chicago anarchists applaud his action in a solidarity leaflet: Along with wheelbarrows of desire, buckets of shit will stop the war in Vietnam.
  • 1982 - Lucien Tronchet (1902-1982), dies. Anarchist & Swiss trade unionist whose antifascist activities landed him in prison. As a youngster, he joined FOBB (Federation of Wood & Building Workers) with Clovis Abel Pignat.

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Outline of anarchism

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Ammon Hennacy, The Book of Ammon, 1964

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