Stavropol Krai

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Jump to: navigation, search
Stavropol Krai
Ставропольский край (Russian)
—  Krai  —
Mount Verblyud in Mineralovodsky District

Mount Verblyud in Mineralovodsky District

Flag
Coat of arms
File:Map of Russia - Stavropol Krai.svg
Political status
Country Russia
Federal district North Caucasian[1]
Economic region North Caucasus[2]
Established October 17, 1924[3]
Administrative center Stavropol[4]
Government (as of May 2015)
 • Governor[6] Vladimir Vladimirov[5]
 • Legislature Duma[6]
Statistics
Area (as of the 2002 Census)[7]
 • Total 66,500 km2 (25,700 sq mi)
Area rank 45th
Population (2010 Census)[8]
 • Total 2,786,281
 • Rank 14th
 • Density[9] 41.9/km2 (109/sq mi)
 • Urban 57.2%
 • Rural 42.8%
Population (January 2015 est.)
 • Total 2,799,600[10]
Time zone(s) MSK (UTC+03:00)[11]
ISO 3166-2 RU-STA
License plates 26, 126
Official languages Russian[12]
Official website

Stavropol Krai (Russian: Ставропо́льский край) is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia. It is geographically located in the North Caucasus region in Southern Russia, and is administratively part of the North Caucasian Federal District. Stavropol Krai has a population of 2,786,281 (2010).[8]

Stavropol is the largest city and the capital of Stavropol Krai, and Pyatigorsk is the administrative center of the North Caucasian Federal District.

Stavropol Krai is bordered by Krasnodar Krai to the west, Rostov Oblast to the north-west, Kalmykia to the north, Dagestan to the east, and Chechnya, Ingushetia, North Ossetia-Alania, Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia to the south. It is one of the most multi-ethnic federal subjects in Russia, with thirty-three ethnic groups with more than 2,000 persons each. The western area of Stavropol Krai is considered part of the Kuban region, the traditional home of the Kuban Cossacks, with most of the krai's population living in the drainage basin of the Kuban River.

Geography

Federal subjects in the Black Sea-Caspian area.
*Smaller areas along the north Caucasus are the republics: Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia-Alania, Ingushetia, and Chechnya
*Yellow is the Southern Federal District and below it is the North Caucasian Federal District (light grey)

The krai encompasses the central part of the Fore-Caucasus and most of the northern slopes of Caucasus Major. It borders with Rostov Oblast, Krasnodar Krai, Kalmykia, Dagestan, Chechnya, North Ossetia–Alania, Kabardino-Balkaria, and Karachay–Cherkessia.

Climate

Most of Stavropol Krai experiences hot-summer humid continental climate (except for mountains). Winters are shorter and warmer than in most of Russia but still freezing and snowy: average January temperature is between −2 °C (28 °F) and −6 °C (21 °F). Summers are warm to hot with average July temperature of 20 °C (68 °F) to 25 °C (77 °F). Extremes range from −35 °C (−31 °F) in winter to 40 °C (104 °F) in summer. Average annual precipitation is 400 to 600 millimetres (16 to 24 in).

History

The krai was established as North Caucasus Krai on October 17, 1924. After undergoing numerous administrative changes, it was renamed Ordzhonikidze Krai (Орджоникидзевский край), after Sergo Ordzhonikidze, in March 1937, and Stavropol Krai on January 12, 1943.

Politics

During the Soviet period, the high authority in the region (krai) was shared between three persons: the First Secretary of the Stavropol Krai CPSU Committee (who in reality had the greatest authority), the Chairman of the Krai Soviet (legislative power), and the Chairman of the Krai Executive Committee (executive power).

In 1970–1978, Mikhail Gorbachev, a native of Stavropol Krai, occupied the position of the First Secretary of the Krai's Communist Party Committee. He left the region for Moscow in 1978, when he was promoted to a Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, to become the Party's General Secretary and the nation's leader 7 years later.

Since 1991, CPSU lost all the power, and the head of the Krai Administration, and eventually the governor was appointed/elected alongside the elected regional parliament.

The Charter of Stavropol Krai is the fundamental law of the region. The Legislative Assembly of Stavropol Krai is the province's regional standing legislative (representative) body. The Legislative Assembly exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it. The highest executive body is the Krai Government, which includes territorial executive bodies such as district administrations, committees, and commissions that facilitate development and run the day to day matters of the province. The krai administration supports the activities of the Governor who is the highest official and acts as guarantor of the observance of the krai Charter in accordance with the Constitution of Russia.

Economy

Large companies in the region include Stavrolen, Arnest, Concern Enorgomera, Nevinomiskiy Azot, Stavropolskiy Gres.[13]

Demographics

File:Life expectancy in Russian subject -Stavropol Krai.png
Life expectancy at birth in Stavropol Krai

Population

According to the 2010 Census, the Krai's population was 2,786,281;[8] up from 2,735,139 recorded in the 2002 Census[14] and further up from 2,410,379 recorded in the 1989 Census.[15] The population of the krai is concentrated in the drainage basins of the Kuban River and of the Kuma River, which used to be traditional Cossack land (see History of Cossacks). The Kuban Cossacks are now generally considered[by whom?] ethnic Russians, although their roots are in central Ukraine (historically, their dialect was descended from that of Cherkasy). Other notable ethnic groups include Armeno-Tat, Armenians (mostly Christian Hamsheni) and Pontic Greeks.

Life expectancy:[16][17]

2019 2021
Average: 74.7 years 71.7 years
Male: 70.1 years 67.7 years
Female: 78.9 years 75.4 years

Settlements

 
Largest cities or towns in Stavropol Krai
2010 Russian Census
Rank Administrative Division Pop.
Stavropol
Stavropol
Pyatigorsk
Pyatigorsk		 1 Stavropol City of krai significance of Stavropol 398,539 Kislovodsk
Kislovodsk
Nevinnomyssk
Nevinnomyssk
2 Pyatigorsk City of krai significance of Pyatigorsk 142,511
3 Kislovodsk City of krai significance of Kislovodsk 128,553
4 Nevinnomyssk City of krai significance of Nevinnomyssk 118,360
5 Yessentuki City of krai significance of Yessentuki 100,996
6 Mineralnye Vody Mineralovodsky District 76,728
7 Georgiyevsk Georgiyevsky District 72,153
8 Mikhaylovsk Shpakovsky District 70,981
9 Budyonnovsk Budyonnovsky District 64,624
10 Izobilny Izobilnensky District 40,555

Ethnic groups

The 2010 Census counted thirty-three ethnic groups of more than 2,000 persons each, making this federal subject one of the most multiethnic in Russia. The inhabitants identified themselves as belonging to more than 140 different ethnic groups, as shown in the following table:[8]

Population Ethnicity Percentage of total population
2,232,153 Russians 80.9%
161,324 Armenians 5.9%
55,946 Armeno-Tats 2%
49,302 Dargins 1.8%
33,573 Caucasus Greeks 1.2%
30,879 Romani people 1.1%
30,373 Ukrainians 1.1%
22,006 Nogais 0.8%
17,800 Azerbaijanis 0.6%
15,598 Karachay 0.6%
15,048 Turkmens 0.5%
11,980 Chechens 0.4%
11,795 Tatars 0.4%
10,419 Turks 0.4%
7,988 Ossetians 0.3%
7,104 Belarusians 0.3%
6,759 Koreans 0.2%

Note: 26,855 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.[18]

Vital Statistics for 2007

  • Natural Increase: −2.1 per 1,000
    • Crude Birth Rate: 11.22 per 1,000
    • Crude Death Rate: 13.32 per 1,000
  • Net Immigration: +3.5 per 1,000
  • PGR: +0.14% per Year

Vital statistics for 2012

  • Births: 34,768 (12.5 per 1,000)
  • Deaths: 33,356 (12.0 per 1,000)[19]
Year Fertility rate[20]
2009 1.45
2010 1.44
2011 1.43
2012 1.52
2013 1.55
2014 1.62
2015 1.64
2016 1.67(e)

Religion

Religion in Stavropol Krai as of 2012 (Sreda Arena Atlas)[21][22]
Russian Orthodoxy
  
 46.9%
Other Orthodox
  
 1%
Other Christians
  
 6.6%
Islam
  
 2%
Rodnovery and other native faiths
  
 1.3%
Spiritual but not religious
  
 19.3%
Atheism and irreligion
  
 16.4%
Other and undeclared
  
 6.5%

According to a 2012 survey[21] 46.9% of the population of Stavropol Krai adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 7% are unaffiliated generic Christians, 2% are Muslims, 1% are either Orthodox Christian believers who do not belong to churches or members of non-Russian Orthodox bodies, and 1% of the population adheres to Rodnovery or local native faiths. In addition, 19% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 16% is atheist, and 7.1% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.[21]

Administrative divisions

<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>

Main article: Administrative divisions of Stavropol Krai

Stavropol Krai is administratively divided into twenty-six districts (raions) and ten cities/towns. The districts are further subdivided into nine towns of district subordinance, seven urban-type settlements, and 284 rural okrugs and stanitsa okrugs.

Agriculture

Irrigated agriculture is well developed in the region. As of the beginning of 2001, Stavropol Krai had 3,361 km of irrigation canals, of which 959 km were lined (i.e., had concrete or stone walls, rather than merely soil walls, to reduce the loss of water).[23]

Among the major irrigation canals are:[23]

Notable people

References

Notes

<templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" />

Cite error: Invalid <references> tag; parameter "group" is allowed only.

Use <references />, or <references group="..." />

Sources

  • Государственная Дума Ставропольского края. №6-кз 12 октября 1994 г. «Устав (Основной Закон) Ставропольского края», в ред. Закона №132-кз от 2 декабря 2015 г. «О поправках к Уставу (Основному Закону) Ставропольского края». Опубликован: "Ставропольская правда", №198–199, 14 октября 1994 г. (State Duma of Stavropol Krai. #6-kz October 12, 1994 Charter (Basic Law) of Stavropol Krai, as amended by the Law #132-kz of December 2, 2015 On the Amendments to the Charter (Basic Law) of Stavropol Krai. ).

External links

  Rostov Oblast  Kalmykia
 Krasnodar Krai
   Stavropol Krai  
 Karachay-Cherkessia  Kabardino-Balkaria and  North Ossetia-Alania  Chechnya and  Dagestan

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

  1. ↑ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", №20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
  2. ↑ Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
  3. ↑ October 17, 1924 is the date of establishment of North Caucasus Krai, which underwent several renamings and administrative changes before stabilizing in its present borders.
  4. ↑ Charter of Stavropol Krai, Article 18
  5. ↑ Official website of Stavropol Krai. Vladimir Vladimirovich Vladimirov, Governor of Stavropol Krai Script error: No such module "In lang".
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Charter of Stavropol Krai, Article 8
  7. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ The density value was calculated by dividing the population reported by the 2010 Census by the area shown in the "Area" field. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox is not necessarily reported for the same year as the population.
  10. ↑ Stavropol Krai Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Демография Archived November 21, 2016, at archive.today Script error: No such module "In lang".
  11. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  12. ↑ Official on the whole territory of Russia according to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia.
  13. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  15. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  18. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  20. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia". Sreda, 2012.
  22. ↑ 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21/04/2017. Archived.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Общая информация О водных ресурсах края Archived December 3, 2013, at the Wayback Machine (General information about the water resources of the krai), from the regional government site. Script error: No such module "In lang".
  24. ↑  Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Retrieved from "https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Stavropol_Krai&oldid=726532243"