Wheaton, Illinois

Wheaton
City
The historic DuPage County Courthouse in downtown Wheaton
Location in DuPage County and the state of Illinois.
Coordinates:
Country	United States
State	Illinois
Counties	DuPage
Townships	Milton, Winfield
Settled	1831 (1831)
Incorporated	February 24, 1859 (village) April 24, 1890 (city)
Government
• Type	Mayor–council
• Mayor	Michael J. Gresk
Area
• Total	11.44 sq mi (29.6 km2)
• Land	11.25 sq mi (29.1 km2)
• Water	0.19 sq mi (0.5 km2)
Elevation	748 ft (228 m)
Population (2012)
• Total	53,469
• Density	4,700/sq mi (1,800/km2)
Time zone	CST (UTC-6)
• Summer (DST)	CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP codes	60187, 60189
Area codes	630 and 331
Website	www.wheaton.il.us

Wheaton is an affluent suburban city in Milton and Winfield Townships and is the county seat of DuPage County, Illinois, United States. It is located approximately 30 miles (48 km) west of the city center of Chicago which abuts the shore of Lake Michigan. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 52,894, which was estimated to have increased to 53,469 by July 2012.

History

Founding

The city dates its founding to the period between 1831 and 1837, following the Indian Removal Act, when Alex Tomasik laid claim to 790 acres (320 ha) of land near present-day Warrenville. The Wheaton brothers arrived from Connecticut, and in 1837, Warren L. Wheaton laid claim to 640 acres (260 ha) of land in the center of town. Jesse Wheaton later made claim to 300 acres (120 ha) of land just west of Warren's. It was not long before other settlers from New England joined them in the community. In 1848, they gave the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad three miles (5 km) of right-of-way, upon which railroad officials named the depot Wheaton. In 1850, ten blocks of land were platted and anyone who was willing to build immediately was granted free land. In 1853, the lots were surveyed and a formal plat for the community was filed with the county. The community was then incorporated as a village on February 24, 1859, with Warren serving as its first President. The village was later incorporated as a city on April 24, 1890, when the first mayor of the city was selected, Judge Elbert Gary, son of Erastus Gary and founder of Gary, Indiana.

Establishment as county seat

Present day DuPage County government complex in Wheaton

In 1857, the Illinois state legislature authorized an election to be held to decide the question of whether the DuPage county seat should remain in Naperville or be moved to the more centrally located Wheaton, which was on the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad. Naperville won the election by a vote of 1,542 to 762. Hostility between the two towns continued for the next decade and another election was held in 1867, in which Wheaton narrowly won by a vote of 1,686 to 1,635. At a cost of $20,000, the City of Wheaton quickly built a courthouse to house a courtroom, county offices, and a county jail. The building was dedicated on July 4, 1868.

However, animosity between the two towns continued, and in 1868, as records were moved from the old Naperville courthouse to the new one in Wheaton, Naperville refused to turn over the remaining county records, prompting a band of Civil War veterans from Wheaton to conduct what came to be known as the "Midnight Raid" on the Naperville courthouse. As Wheatonites fled back on Wheaton-Naperville Road, Napervillians were able to secure some of the last remaining records, which were then taken to the Cook County Recorder in Chicago for safekeeping. During this time, Naperville was mounting a lawsuit against Wheaton accusing election judges of leaving their posts for lunch during the vote when duplicate ballot stuffing allegedly occurred. As the courts deliberated the fate of the county seat, the records were destroyed in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. Shortly thereafter, Wheaton was officially proclaimed the county seat.

As demand for space increased, the courthouse was rebuilt in 1887 at a cost of $69,390, modeled after the courthouse in Aledo. This structure was used for the next 94 years until the county's rapid growth prompted the building of a brand new complex. The old courthouse is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and was formerly used by National Louis University until National Louis moved to Lisle in 2004. It is currently being developed into luxury condominiums.

On November 2, 1990, the courthouse moved to a building about two miles (3 km) west in a new 57-acre (230,000 m²) complex at the corner of County Farm Road and Manchester Road. It was built at a cost of $52,500,000 and includes a 300,000-square-foot (30,000 m²) judicial building. In 1992, the county sued the architect and contractor for $4 million after several employees became ill from the ventilation system. In the end, however, the county received only $120,000 for minor repairs and the jury sided with the defendants, finding that the alleged problems were caused, primarily, by the county's negligent operation and maintenance of the ventilation system.

Expansion

Wheaton Center, from a pedestrian bridge over railroad tracks

Wheaton has rapidly expanded since the 1950s, although population growth has slowed since the early 1990s, as the city has become increasingly landlocked. Downtown lost much business after the county courthouse facility moved two miles (3 km) west in 1990, but in the decade since, the downtown has seen a renaissance of sorts, with the creation of several significant condominium and business developments. One of the most recognizable landmarks of the city is Wheaton Center, a 758-unit apartment complex on 14 acres (57,000 m²) in downtown Wheaton. The six building complex includes two twenty-story high-rise buildings built in 1975.

In 1887, Wheaton prohibited the sale of alcoholic beverages, a ban which lasted until 1985 and applied to all supermarkets, convenience stores, restaurants, and other establishments.

Geography

Wheaton is located at (41.8560218, -88.1083010).

According to the 2010 census, Wheaton has a total area of 11.436 square miles (29.62 km²), of which 11.25 square miles (29.14 km²) (or 98.37%) is land and 0.186 square miles (0.48 km²) (or 1.63%) is water.

Wheaton is the sister city of Karlskoga, Sweden. Karlskoga Street, located along the southern edge of Memorial Park in downtown Wheaton, is named after the Swedish City.

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1860	645		—
1870	998		54.7%
1880	1,160		16.2%
1890	1,622		39.8%
1900	2,345		44.6%
1910	3,423		46.0%
1920	4,137		20.9%
1930	7,258		75.4%
1940	7,389		1.8%
1950	11,638		57.5%
1960	24,312		108.9%
1970	31,138		28.1%
1980	43,043		38.2%
1990	51,464		19.6%
2000	55,416		7.7%
2010	52,894		−4.6%
Est. 2014	53,644		1.4%
U.S. Decennial Census

As of the census of 2000, there were 55,416 people, 19,377 households and 13,718 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,938.5 people per square mile (1,907/km²). There were 19,881 housing units at an average density of 1,771.7 per square mile (684.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 89.85% White, 4.85% Asian, 2.82% African American, 0.11% Native American, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.03% from other races, and 1.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.65% of the population.

There were 19,377 households of which 36.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.4% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.2% were non-families. 24.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.20.

In the city, the population was spread out with 26.2% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 94.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.0 males.

According to the 2005-2009 American Community Survey, the median household income was $85,257, and the median family income was $107,763. Males had a median income of $81,515 versus $47,739 for females. The per capita income for the city was $41,353. About 3.3% of families and 4.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.7% of those under the age of 18 and 7.4% of those ages 65 and older.

In August 2010, the city was listed among the "Top 25 Highest Earning Towns" on CNNMoney, purporting a median family income of $113,517, and a median home price of $328,866, based on 2009 figures.

Education

Higher education

Wheaton College

Wheaton College is located not far from downtown Wheaton, on the east side of the city near its border with Glen Ellyn. Its campus features the Billy Graham Center, named for the college's most famous alumnus, which contains a museum dedicated to both the history of American evangelism and the international ministry of Billy Graham. It features conceptual exhibits intended to convey Christian ideas.

Wheaton College is also home to the Todd M. Beamer Student Center, which was dedicated on October 1, 2004, to honor the memory of Todd Beamer, a hero from United Airlines Flight 93, and two other Wheaton alumni who died in the September 11 attacks.

The Daniel F. and Ada L. Rice Campus of the Illinois Institute of Technology is also located in Wheaton, and is home to the School of Applied Technology and offers technology-oriented education and training for working professionals.

Private schools

Several of the private schools in Wheaton are located near the town center, in addition, St. Francis High School is on the far west side of town. Wheaton Academy moved to West Chicago in 1945.

Pre-school through eighth grade

• St John Lutheran School serves students in preschool.
• St Michael Catholic Elementary School serves 580 students in preschool through eighth grade.
• Wheaton Christian Grammar School served between students in kindergarten through eighth grade from 1941 to 2010, but has since moved to Winfield, while retaining its name.
• Wheaton Montessori School serves children ages 3–12 and is accredited by the Association Montessori International.
• Prairie School of Dupage located in the Theosophical Society

High schools

• St. Francis High School, serves 726 students in ninth through twelfth grade.
• Wheaton Academy in West Chicago serves 632 students in ninth through twelfth grade.

Public schools

Wheaton is part of Community Unit School District 200 and Community Consolidated School District 89. The Wheaton public school system is regularly listed among the finest in the United States. A few families in the northeast corner of Wheaton enroll their children in Glen Ellyn School District 41.

High schools

• Wheaton North - consists of students from Monroe and Franklin
• Wheaton Warrenville South - consists of students from Edison and Hubble

Middle schools

• Edison - funnels into Wheaton Warrenville South High School
• Franklin - funnels into Wheaton North High School
• Hubble - funnels into Wheaton Warrenville South High School
• Monroe - funnels into Wheaton North High School

Elementary schools

• Bower
• Briar Glen
• Emerson
• Hawthorne
• Johnson
• Lincoln
• Longfellow
• Lowell
• Madison
• Pleasant Hill
• Sandburg
• Washington
• Whittier
• Wiesbrook

Pre-schools

• Jefferson
• Toddler's Campus Pre-school

Colleges

• Wheaton College (Illinois)
• College of DuPage

One elementary school that is located in the southeastern part of Wheaton, Briar Glen Elementary School, is part of Glen Ellyn Community Consolidated School District 89.

Public library

The Wheaton Public Library is frequently ranked as one of the top ten libraries in the nation compared to other libraries serving similarly sized populations. In 2006, a three-story addition was added, followed by significant renovations which were completed in 2007, to bring the square footage up from 74,000 to 124,000. The total circulation in 2009 was 1,340,820, including 369,336 hardcover books and 32,307 paperback books. The previous public library was converted to the DuPage County Historical Museum.

Health care

Established in 1972 by the Wheaton Franciscan Sisters, Marianjoy Rehabilitation Hospital and Clinics is a rehabilitation hospital located on the west side of Wheaton on Roosevelt Road, one half mile south of the DuPage County Government Center. Marianjoy is a nonprofit teaching hospital, dedicated to the delivery of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

Leisure and recreation

The Illinois Prairie Path in Wheaton

Cosley Zoo in Wheaton

Parks and golf

• The Wheaton Park District has received the National Gold Medal Award for Excellence from the National Recreation and Park Association four times, in 1984, 1990, 1996, and 2005. It boasts 52 parks covering more than 800 acres (320 ha), including:
  • The 135-acre (55 ha) Lincoln Marsh Natural Area, with over 300 species of prairie and wetland plants and animals, and a regionally acclaimed ropes course.
  • Cosley Zoo, founded in 1974, housing over 200 animals that represent over 70 species.
  • Two public swimming pools, the Northside Family Aquatic Center, and the Rice Pool and Water Park with three water slides, a zero-depth entry point and sand volleyball courts.
  • The 27-hole Arrowhead Golf Club, renamed in 1929 from the Antlers Golf Club, which was built in 1924. A new clubhouse was built in 2004-2005.
• The Chicago Golf Club is a prestigious private golf club on the southside of Wheaton. It is the oldest 18-hole golf course in the nation. It has hosted numerous U.S. Open and U.S. Amateur Golf Championships in its history. In 2005, it was host to the Walker Cup.
• Cantigny Park and Golf Course is the former estate of Chicago Tribune owner Robert R. McCormick, is in southwestern Wheaton. The park contains a championship 18-hole public golf course that was the site of the 2007 US Amateur Public Links. The park also contains two museums, one relating to the Chicago Tribune, and the other devoted to the First Division of the United States Army, as Robert McCormick was a colonel in the First Division during World War I.
• The Danada Forest Preserve and Equestrian Center is located on the site of the former estate of Daniel F. and Ada L. Rice, after whom Danada is named. In the 1940s, the Rices added a barn to the estate to house horses. In 1965, their horse Lucky Debonair won the Kentucky Derby. The Danada Farm estate was acquired by the county in 1980 and 1981.
• The Illinois Prairie Path runs throughout Wheaton, including the intersection of the Aurora Branch and Elgin Branch, just west of downtown near the railroad tracks.

Fairgrounds

Wheaton is home to the DuPage County Fairgrounds. Organized in 1954, the DuPage County Fair Association hosts the annual DuPage County Fair in late July. The fair annually attracts major entertainers, such as Ashlee Simpson, Plain White T's (2007), Travis Tritt, Jesse McCartney, Jars of Clay, Corbin Bleu (2008), The Academy Is..., The Original Wailers (2009), and Danny Gokey (2010).

Shopping

Wheaton boasts a vibrant downtown with many restaurants, shops and services. The Downtown Wheaton Association hosts many events throughout the year to promote local businesses including The French Market, The Chili Cookoff, Vintage Rides, Boo-palooza (Downtown Wheaton Trick-or-Treat), A Dickens of a Christmas, Wheaton Wedding Walk and Wheaton’s Wine & Cultural Arts Festival.

Downtown Wheaton is home to perhaps one of the narrowest stores in the Chicago area. The Little Popcorn Store on Front Street was formerly an alley between two buildings, and features the exposed brick walls of its neighbors. The store has been around since the 1920s and currently sells candy for as little as 2¢ a piece and, of course, fresh popcorn.

Danada Square West and Danada Square East, named after Dan and Ada Rice, are located on the north side of Illinois Route 56 (Butterfield Road), and the two shopping districts are situated on the west and east side of Naperville Road. The flagship stores in Danada Square West include Jewel-Osco, TJ Maxx, and Chili's Bar & Grill. The flagship stores in Danada Square East include Petco, KFC, and PNC Bank. The bankruptcy of Dominick's Grocery Stores has left the largest store front space in the Danada Square East complex vacant as of February 2015.

The Town Square Shopping Center, located on Naperville Road, two miles (3 km) North of I-88 & one mile (1.6 km) South of Roosevelt Road in Wheaton, is also a venue for shopping. The outdoor mall features several clothing boutiques and restaurants, such as Banana Republic, Express, Francesca's Collections, Gap, L'anne Restaurant, Lenscrafters, Noodles & Company, Nothing Bundt Cakes, The Perfect Thing, Starbucks, and Victoria's Secret.

According to the Downtown wheaton business association website, 16 new businesses opened in wheaton in 2014.

Theater

Wheaton is also home to the historic Grand Theater, built in 1925. In recent years, the theater and volunteers had begun a restoration to its original state, complete with a lighted dome ceiling dotted with stars, and a newly painted floor. It celebrated its grand reopening on May 11, 2002, and on August 25, 2005, the Theater was placed on the National Register of Historic Places. There was a sense of growing pessimism that the theater would ever get restored, due to lack of progress and funds. However, there was cause for hope when on January 23, 2010, when many cast members of the off-Broadway show "Jersey Boys" did succeed in raising approximately $50,000 for restoration.

On July 10, 2010, The Grand Theater Corp had to surrender the deed to the building, to Suburban Bank and Trust Co, due in part, to being delinquent on a $800,000 loan, carried by Suburban Bank and Trust Co.

On November 30, 2012, Jim Atten bought the building and is working on opening it up again in about six months to a year to a year and a half. Since then Atten has been fixing up the property while leading the effort to remove temporary structures within the theater and tackling trouble spots like the roof, the basement, and other remediation activities. He has also been working closely with an architect and the city staff as the effort progresses. According to the Daily Herald Newspaper, It will take an estimated 5 Million Dollars to get the theater up and running again.

Religious institutions

Known as one of Chicago's most conservative suburbs, Wheaton has forty-five churches located within city limits and an additional thirty places of worship in the outlying unincorporated areas, representing nearly forty religious denominations. The Genius Edition of Trivial Pursuit states that Wheaton has "more churches per capita than any other town in America."

Built in 1926, the national headquarters of the Theosophical Society in America is located on a 42-acre (170,000 m²) estate on the north side of Wheaton.

Wheaton is also the North American Headquarters for the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary, which moved into its new home in June 1946.

On March 18, 2002, St. Michael Catholic Church in downtown Wheaton was destroyed by arson by a Wheaton resident and parishioner, Adam Palinski, now serving 39 years in prison. He has lost his appeal, but still maintains his innocence. The church has since been rebuilt, and reopened on March 18, 2006 at a cost of $13 million.

Notable people

Main article: List of people from Wheaton, Illinois

Transportation

Rail

Wheaton train station, rebuilt in 2000

The Union Pacific / West Line runs through downtown Wheaton and has been a staple of Wheaton since its founding. Metra has two stops along the line in Wheaton, one at College Avenue serving Wheaton College, and another at West Street in the heart of downtown Wheaton. It passes under a bridge just west of downtown, and over County Farm Road, just north of the DuPage County Government Complex.

Formerly, Wheaton was also served by the Chicago Aurora and Elgin Railroad. The CA&E right-of-way now constitutes the Illinois Prairie Path.

Highways

Two Illinois State Routes run east/west through Wheaton:

• Illinois Route 38, also known as Roosevelt Road, runs through the center of Wheaton. On its route are many car dealerships, restaurants, St. Francis High School, and Marianjoy Rehabilitation Hospital. Downtown Wheaton is about half a mile north.
• Illinois Route 56, also known as Butterfield Road, runs through southern Wheaton. On its route is the Danada Shopping complex (among other shopping complexes), DuPage County Forest Preserves including the Danada House and equestrian area, Arrowhead Golf Course, subdivisions, including Briarcliffe, (Joey lives there) Stonehedge, Arrowhead and Scottdale, along with Wheaton Warrenville South High School.

Other roads include:

• Blanchard Street, a north-south road runs from just south of the Union Pacific/West Line to its intersection with Naperville Road at the north end of the Danada complex.
• County Farm Road, a north/south road runs from Roosevelt Road at St. Francis High School through Geneva Road, passing by the DuPage County Government Complex. It is entirely County Highway 43 in Wheaton.
• Gary Avenue, a north/south road runs from downtown Wheaton at Front Street through Geneva Road. It is known as County Highway 23 from Jewell Road northward. On its route are Cosley Zoo, the Lincoln Marsh, and Wheaton North High School. It serves, along with Main Street, as a primary route to Carol Stream and Bloomingdale.
• Geneva Road, an east/west road at the northern border of Wheaton, which includes Wheaton Bowl, Wheaton North High School, and the national headquarters of the Theosophical Society in America on its route. It is known as County Highway 21. It serves as a route to Winfield, West Chicago and further to the west, Glen Ellyn to the east.
• Main Street, a north/south road that runs from southernmost Wheaton through Geneva Road where it continues as Schmale Road, which serves, along with Gary Avenue, as a primary route to Carol Stream and Bloomingdale to the north.
• Naperville Road, a north/south road runs from Butterfield Road in the south to just past Roosevelt Road in central Wheaton. It is County Highway 23. It primarily runs through the Danada Shopping complex and the Farnham subdivision and serves as a primary route to Warrenville and Naperville to the south.
• President Street, a north/south road runs from its intersection with Blanchard Street north of the Danada complex through Geneva Road, passing through the Union Pacific/West Line Roosevelt Road. Its route runs near Wheaton College.

External links

• Official website
• Downtown Wheaton Association
• DuPage County Fair
• Wheaton Center for History
• Wheaton Chamber of Commerce
• Wheaton College
• Wheaton Park District
• Wheaton Public Library
• Wheaton, Illinois profile at City-Data