Yichun, Heilongjiang

Not to be confused with Yichun, Jiangxi.

Yichun 伊春市 Prefecture-level city Nancha Railway Station Nickname(s): Forest capital (林都) Yichun (red) in Heilongjiang (orange) Yichun Location of the city centre in Heilongjiang Coordinates: Country China Province Heilongjiang County-level divisions 17 Government  • Type Prefecture-level city  • CPC Yichun Secretary Wang Aiwen (王爱文)  • Mayor Gao Huan (高环) Area  • Prefecture-level city 39,017 km2 (15,065 sq mi) Population (2010)  • Prefecture-level city 1,148,126  • Metro 729,202 Time zone China standard time (UTC+8) ZIP code 153000 Area code(s) 0458 Licence plates 黑F ISO 3166-2 cn-23-07 Website yc.gov.cn Yichun "Yichun", as written in Chinese calligraphy Chinese name Chinese 伊春 Postal Ichun Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Yīchūn Wade–Giles I1-ch'un1 Manchu name Manchu script ᡳᡧᡠᠨ Russian name Russian Ичунь

Yichun (Chinese: 伊春; pinyin: Yīchūn) is a prefecture-level city on the Songhua river in Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China. The city is separated from Russia by the Amur River and has an international border of 246 kilometres (153 mi). At the 2010 census, Yichun has a total population of 1,148,126 while 729,202 people live in 15 districts separated by forests. The greening rate of Yichun is up to 83%. The nickname of Yichun is Lindu (Chinese: 林都; pinyin: Líndū; literally: "forest capital").

History

Yichun was named after the Yichun River (伊春河), which is a small tributary of Tangwang River (汤旺河). The word Yichun means "nine" in Mongolian language. During the Shang Dynasty Yichun was populated by the Sushen肃慎. Before the Tang Dynasty, the region was inhabited by several nomad tribes in the northeastern border area of China including Sushen and Donghu. During the Qing Dynasty, Yichun was under the administration of Qiqihar and Hulan's Deputy Lieutenant-General (Fudutong) before it became a minor town under Tangyuan County's jurisdiction in the 1890s.

The region's real development began after the establishment of Manchukuo after Japanese force seized Manchuria in 1932. In November 1941, a railway from Suihua to Jiamusi was built before its branch was extended to today's Yichun district from Nancha in July 1942. In 1945, Yichun was established as Yichunjie (Yichun Street) under Tangyuan County's control. As a major center of lumber industry, Yichun has grown at an astonishing rate since 1949. In 1952 Yichun County was established by the PRC Government. On 13 Feb 1958 Yichun was designated a Prefecture-level city. However, in order to set up a pilot of the combination of enterprise management and government, The CPC Central Committee and State Council approved to establish Yichun Special District (伊春特区) instead of Yichun City in 1964. In 1979 the City of Yichun was reinstated. Jiayin and Tieli were put into Yichun's jurisdiction.

Geography

Yichun is located in the northeast part of Heilongjiang, faces Russia across the Amur River with a borderline of 2,495 km (1,550 mi). The Lesser Khingan Mountains cross the city. The total administrative area of Yichun is up to 33,000 km² (13,000 sq mi). The channels and valleys are densely covered with trees and grasslands In the administrative area of Yichun. There are 702 rivers in total and the total water pondage is 10.2 billion steres, and the rivers belong to the branches of Amur River and Songhua River systems. Tangwanghe River is the main river of Yichun.

Climate

Yichun has a monsoon-influenced, hemiboreal climate (Köppen Dwb), with long, bitterly cold, but very dry winters, and very warm, humid summers. With an annual mean temperature of 1.29 °C (34.3 °F), it is among the coldest Chinese cities, and diurnal temperature variation tends to be large, especially in winter and spring. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −22.4 °C (−8.3 °F) in January to 21.0 °C (69.8 °F). During the warmer months, rainfall is somewhat enhanced by the mountainous topography, allowing for a generous annual precipitation total of 627 millimetres (24.7 in). However, the monsoon still means that more than 60% of the annual precipitation falls from June to August alone.

Climate data for Yichun, Heilongjiang (1971−2000)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	1.0 (33.8)	8.0 (46.4)	18.7 (65.7)	27.9 (82.2)	31.7 (89.1)	35.1 (95.2)	36.3 (97.3)	35.4 (95.7)	29.8 (85.6)	26.8 (80.2)	13.6 (56.5)	2.2 (36)	36.3 (97.3)
Average high °C (°F)	−14.5 (5.9)	−7.8 (18)	0.7 (33.3)	11.5 (52.7)	19.4 (66.9)	24.4 (75.9)	27.1 (80.8)	25.0 (77)	19.0 (66.2)	9.8 (49.6)	−2.4 (27.7)	−12.6 (9.3)	8.3 (46.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−22.4 (−8.3)	−16.7 (1.9)	−6.8 (19.8)	4.6 (40.3)	12.0 (53.6)	17.7 (63.9)	21.0 (69.8)	18.7 (65.7)	11.8 (53.2)	2.8 (37)	−9.0 (15.8)	−18.2 (−0.8)	1.3 (34.3)
Average low °C (°F)	−29.1 (−20.4)	−24.5 (−12.1)	−14.4 (6.1)	−2.0 (28.4)	4.4 (39.9)	11.1 (52)	15.5 (59.9)	13.6 (56.5)	6.0 (42.8)	−2.9 (26.8)	−14.7 (5.5)	−24.9 (−12.8)	−5.2 (22.6)
Record low °C (°F)	−41.2 (−42.2)	−41.2 (−42.2)	−37.9 (−36.2)	−18.6 (−1.5)	−8.8 (16.2)	0.5 (32.9)	4.5 (40.1)	0.4 (32.7)	−5.9 (21.4)	−22.5 (−8.5)	−33.1 (−27.6)	−40.4 (−40.7)	−41.2 (−42.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	4.8 (0.189)	4.8 (0.189)	10.0 (0.394)	23.3 (0.917)	50.6 (1.992)	109.3 (4.303)	151.9 (5.98)	145.0 (5.709)	74.5 (2.933)	33.0 (1.299)	11.6 (0.457)	8.2 (0.323)	627.0 (24.685)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	8.4	6.1	6.6	9.4	12.5	15.7	15.7	15.5	13.5	9.6	7.9	9.6	130.5
Source: Weather China

Subdivisions

#	Name	Hanzi	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2010 est.)	Area (km²)	Density (/km²)
1	Yichun District	伊春区	Yīchūn Qū	146,074	100	1,461
2	Nancha District	南岔区	Nánchà Qū	118,060	3,088	38
3	Youhao District	友好区	Yǒuhǎo Qū	53,409	2,366	23
4	Xilin District	西林区	Xīlín Qū	51,938	457	114
5	Cuiluan District	翠峦区	Cuìluán Qū	44,976	1,560	29
6	Xinqing District	新青区	Xīnqīng Qū	43,054	1,181	36
7	Meixi District	美溪区	Měixī Qū	40,697	2,259	18
8	Jinshantun District	金山屯区	Jīnshāntún Qū	39,917	1,850	22
9	Wuying District	五营区	Wǔyíng Qū	33,980	1,040	33
10	Wumahe District	乌马河区	Wūmǎhé Qū	31,391	1,254	25
11	Tangwanghe District	汤旺河区	Tāngwànghé Qū	30,980	1,263	25
12	Dailing District	带岭区	Dàilǐng Qū	32,256	1,040	31
13	Wuyiling District	乌伊岭区	Wūyīlǐng Qū	21,145	3,162	7
14	Hongxing District	红星区	Hóngxīng Qū	21,838	3,042	7
15	Shangganling District	上甘岭区	Shànggānlǐng Qū	19,487	1,461	13
16	Tieli City	铁力市	Tiělì Shì	350,358	6,620	53
17	Jiayin County	嘉荫县	Jiāyīn Xiàn	68,566	7,273	9

Economy

The city's GDP topped RMB 20.24 billion in 2010, featuring a growth of 15.7% over the previous year. In 2010, value-added industrial output generated by enterprises with designated size or above rose 29.3% to RMB 7.12 billion. In 2010, the foreign trade value of Yichun totaled US$302.23 million, up 36.3% year on year.

Wood processing and metallurgy are the main industries in Yichun. In 2010, value-added industrial output from wood processing increased 34% to RMB 2.01 billion, while that from metallurgy rose 39.2% to RMB 2.2 billion, accounting for 33.6% of the industrial sector's total. These two industries accounted for 91% of Yichun's total value-added industrial output according to the statistics in 2009.

Transportation

Yichun Lindu Airport, located in a forest approximately 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) from downtown Yichun, is the city's airport. It started operations in August 2009, and is capable of serving 142,000 passengers a year. Yichun Railway Station operates daily trains to Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province. The Yichun-Hegang Highway and the Yichun-Harbin Highway(part of Hegang-Harbin Highway) connect the city with other cities in Heilongjiang Province.

External links

• Yichun City (Chinese)