April 22

April 22 is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 253 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 0238 – Year of the Six Emperors: The Roman Senate outlaws emperor Maximinus Thrax for his bloodthirsty proscriptions in Rome and nominates two of its members, Pupienus and Balbinus, to the throne.
• 1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral lands in Brazil.
• 1519 – Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés establishes a settlement at Veracruz, Mexico.
• 1529 – Treaty of Zaragoza divides the eastern hemisphere between Spain and Portugal along a line 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas.
• 1622 – The Capture of Ormuz by the East India Company ends Portuguese control of Hormuz Island.
• 1809 – The second day of the Battle of Eckmühl: The Austrian army is defeated by the First French Empire army led by Napoleon and driven over the Danube in Regensburg.
• 1836 – Texas Revolution: A day after the Battle of San Jacinto, forces under Texas General Sam Houston identify Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna among the captives of the battle when one of his fellow captives mistakenly gives away his identity.
• 1864 – The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act of 1864 that mandates that the inscription In God We Trust be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.
• 1876 – The first game in the history of the National League was played at the Jefferson Street Grounds in Philadelphia. This game is often pointed to as the beginning of the MLB.
• 1889 – At noon, thousands rush to claim land in the Land Rush of 1889. Within hours the cities of Oklahoma City and Guthrie are formed with populations of at least 10,000.
• 1898 – Spanish–American War: The USS Nashville captures a Spanish merchant ship.
• 1906 – The 1906 Summer Olympics, not now recognized as part of the official Olympic Games, open in Athens.
• 1911 – Tsinghua University, one of mainland China's leading universities, is founded.
• 1912 – Pravda, the "voice" of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, begins publication in Saint Petersburg.
• 1915 – The use of poison gas in World War I escalates when chlorine gas is released as a chemical weapon in the Second Battle of Ypres.
• 1930 – The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding.
• 1944 – The 1st Air Commando Group using Sikorsky R-4 helicopters stage the first use of helicopters in combat with combat search and rescue operations in the China Burma India Theater.
• 1944 – World War II: Operation Persecution is initiated: Allied forces land in the Hollandia (currently known as Jayapura) area of New Guinea.
• 1945 – World War II: Prisoners at the Jasenovac concentration camp revolt. Five hundred twenty are killed and 80 escape.
• 1945 – World War II: Führerbunker: After learning that Soviet forces have taken Eberswalde without a fight, Adolf Hitler admits defeat in his underground bunker and states that suicide is his only recourse.
• 1948 – Arab–Israeli War: Haifa, a major port of Israel, is captured from Arab forces.
• 1951 – Korean War: The Chinese People's Volunteer Army begin assaulting positions defended by the Royal Australian Regiment and the Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry at the Battle of Kapyong. In fiction, it's also the date that Corporal Maxwell Q Klinger in M*A*S*H says he started wearing dresses.
• 1954 – Red Scare: Witnesses begin testifying and live television coverage of the Army–McCarthy hearings begins.
• 1964 – The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair opens for its first season.
• 1969 – British yachtsman Sir Robin Knox-Johnston wins the Sunday Times Golden Globe Race and completes the first solo non-stop circumnavigation of the world.
• 1970 – The first Earth Day is celebrated.
• 1972 – Vietnam War: Increased American bombing in Vietnam prompts anti-war protests in Los Angeles, New York City, and San Francisco.
• 1977 – Optical fiber is first used to carry live telephone traffic.
• 1983 – The German magazine Stern claims that the "Hitler Diaries" had been found in wreckage in East Germany; the diaries are subsequently revealed to be forgeries.
• 1992 – In a series of explosions in Guadalajara, Mexico, 206 people are killed, nearly 500 injured and 15,000 left homeless.
• 1993 – Version 1.0 of the Mosaic web browser is released.
• 1997 – Haouch Khemisti massacre in Algeria where 93 villagers are killed.
• 1997 – The Japanese embassy hostage crisis ends in Lima, Peru.
• 1998 – Disney's Animal Kingdom opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida, United States.
• 2000 – In a pre-dawn raid, federal agents seize six-year-old Elián González from his relatives' home in Miami.
• 2000 – The Big Number Change takes place in the United Kingdom.
• 2004 – Two fuel trains collide in Ryongchon, North Korea, killing up to 150 people.
• 2005 – Japan's Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi apologizes for Japan's war record.
• 2008 – The United States Air Force retires the remaining F-117 Nighthawk aircraft in service.
• 2013 – Six people die in a shooting in Belgorod, Russia.
• 2013 – The Royal Canadian Mounted Police arrest and charge two men with plotting to disrupt a Toronto area train service in a plot claimed to be backed by Al-Qaeda elements.
• 2014 – More than 60 people are killed and 80 are seriously injured in a train crash in the Democratic Republic of the Congo's Katanga Province.

Births

• 1451 – Isabella I of Castile (d. 1504)
• 1518 – Antoine of Navarre (d. 1562)
• 1592 – Wilhelm Schickard, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1635)
• 1610 – Pope Alexander VIII (d. 1691)
• 1658 – Giuseppe Torelli, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1709)
• 1690 – John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, English politician, Lord President of the Council (d. 1763)
• 1707 – Henry Fielding, English novelist and playwright (d. 1754)
• 1711 – Paul II Anton, Prince Esterházy, Austrian soldier (d. 1762)
• 1724 – Immanuel Kant, German anthropologist, philosopher, and academic (d. 1804)
• 1732 – John Johnson, English architect and surveyor (d. 1814)
• 1744 – James Sullivan, American lawyer and politician, 7th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1808)
• 1757 – Alessandro Rolla, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1841)
• 1766 – Germaine de Staël, French philosopher and author (d. 1817)
• 1812 – Solomon Caesar Malan, Swiss-English orientalist (d. 1894)
• 1816 – Charles-Denis Bourbaki, French general (d. 1897)
• 1832 – Julius Sterling Morton, American journalist and politician, 3rd United States Secretary of Agriculture (d. 1902)
• 1844 – Lewis Powell, American soldier, attempted assassin of William H. Seward (d. 1865)
• 1852 – William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (d. 1912)
• 1854 – Henri La Fontaine, Belgian lawyer and author, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1943)
• 1860 – Ada Rehan, Irish-American actress (d. 1916)
• 1868 – Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria (d. 1924)
• 1870 – Vladimir Lenin, Russian lawyer and politician (d. 1924)
• 1872 – Princess Margaret of Prussia (d. 1954)
• 1873 – Ellen Glasgow, American author (d. 1945)
• 1876 – Róbert Bárány, Austrian-Swedish otologist and physician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1936)
• 1876 – Georg Lurich, Estonian wrestler and strongman (d. 1920)
• 1879 – Bernhard Gregory, Estonian-German chess player (d. 1939)
• 1884 – Otto Rank, Austrian-American psychologist and academic (d. 1939)
• 1886 – Izidor Cankar, Slovenian historian, author, and diplomat (d. 1958)
• 1889 – Richard Glücks, German SS officer (d. 1945)
• 1891 – Laura Gilpin, American photographer (d. 1979)
• 1891 – Vittorio Jano, Italian engineer (d. 1965)
• 1891 – Harold Jeffreys, English mathematician, geophysicist, and astronomer (d. 1989)
• 1891 – Nicola Sacco, Italian-American criminal (d. 1927)
• 1892 – Vernon Johns, American minister and activist (d. 1965)
• 1899 – Vladimir Nabokov, Russian-Swiss entomologist, author, and critic (d. 1977)
• 1904 – J. Robert Oppenheimer, American physicist and academic (d. 1967)
• 1905 – Robert Choquette, American-Canadian author, poet, and diplomat (d. 1991)
• 1906 – Eddie Albert, American actor, singer, and producer (d. 2005)
• 1906 – Eric Fenby, English composer and educator (d. 1997)
• 1906 – Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten (d. 1947)
• 1907 – Ivan Yefremov, Russian paleontologist and author (d. 1972)
• 1909 – Rita Levi-Montalcini, Italian neurologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012)
• 1909 – Indro Montanelli, Italian journalist and historian (d. 2001)
• 1910 – Norman Steenrod, American mathematician and academic (d. 1971)
• 1912 – Kathleen Ferrier, English singer (d. 1953)
• 1912 – Kaneto Shindo, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2012)
• 1914 – Baldev Raj Chopra, Indian director and producer (d. 2008)
• 1914 – Jan de Hartog, Dutch-American author and playwright (d. 2002)
• 1914 – José Quiñones Gonzales, Peruvian soldier and pilot (d. 1941)
• 1914 – Michael Wittmann, German SS officer (d. 1944)
• 1916 – Kanan Devi, Indian actress and singer (d. 1992)
• 1916 – Hanfried Lenz, German mathematician and academic (d. 2013)
• 1916 – Yehudi Menuhin, American-Swiss violinist and conductor (d. 1999)
• 1917 – Yvette Chauviré, French ballerina
• 1917 – Sidney Nolan, Australian painter (d. 1992)
• 1918 – William Jay Smith, American poet and academic (d. 2015)
• 1918 – Mickey Vernon, American baseball player and coach (d. 2008)
• 1919 – Donald J. Cram, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2001)
• 1919 – Carl Lindner, Jr., American businessman and philanthropist (d. 2011)
• 1922 – Richard Diebenkorn, American soldier and painter (d. 1993)
• 1922 – Charles Mingus, American bassist, composer, and bandleader (d. 1979)
• 1922 – Wolf V. Vishniac, American microbiologist and academic (d. 1973)
• 1923 – Avis Bunnage, English actress (d. 1990)
• 1923 – Peter Kane Dufault, American soldier, pilot, and poet (d. 2013)
• 1923 – Bettie Page, American model and actress (d. 2008)
• 1923 – Aaron Spelling, American actor, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2006)
• 1924 – Nam Duck-woo, South Korean politician, 12th Prime Minister of South Korea (d. 2013)
• 1925 – George Cole, English actor (d. 2015)
• 1926 – Charlotte Rae, American actress and singer
• 1926 – James Stirling, Scottish architect, designed the Staatsgalerie Stuttgart and Seeley Historical Library (d. 1992)
• 1927 – Laurel Aitken, Cuban-Jamaican singer (d. 2005)
• 1929 – Michael Atiyah, English-Lebanese mathematician and academic
• 1929 – Glen Sonmor, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2015)
• 1929 – Robert Wade-Gery, English diplomat, British High Commissioner to India (d. 2015)
• 1930 – Enno Penno, Estonian politician, Prime Minister of Estonia in exile
• 1931 – John Buchanan, Canadian lawyer and politician, 20th Premier of Nova Scotia
• 1931 – Ronald Hynd, English dancer and choreographer
• 1933 – Mark Damon, American actor and producer
• 1933 – Anthony Llewellyn, Welsh-American chemist and astronaut (d. 2013)
• 1934 – Nico Ladenis, Tanzanian-English chef and author
• 1935 – Christopher Ball, English linguist and academic
• 1935 – Paul Chambers, American bassist and composer (Miles Davis Quintet) (d. 1969)
• 1935 – Mario Machado, Chinese-American journalist and actor (d. 2013)
• 1936 – Glen Campbell, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (The Champs)
• 1936 – Pierre Hétu, Canadian pianist and conductor (d. 1998)
• 1937 – Jack Nicholson, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1937 – Jack Nitzsche, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and conductor (Crazy Horse) (d. 2000)
• 1938 – Gani Fawehinmi, Nigerian lawyer and activist (d. 2009)
• 1938 – Issey Miyake, Japanese fashion designer
• 1938 – Adam Raphael, English journalist and author
• 1939 – Mel Carter, American singer and actor
• 1939 – John Chilcot, English civil servant
• 1939 – John Foley, English general and politician, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey
• 1939 – Ray Guy, Canadian journalist and author (d. 2013)
• 1939 – Jason Miller, American actor and playwright (d. 2001)
• 1939 – Ann Mitchell, English actress
• 1939 – Theodor Waigel, German lawyer and politician, German Federal Minister of Finance
• 1941 – Greville Howard, Baron Howard of Rising, English politician
• 1940 – Marie-José Nat, French actress
• 1942 – Giorgio Agamben, Italian philosopher and academic
• 1942 – Denis Lill, New Zealand-English actor
• 1942 – Mary Prior, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Bristol
• 1943 – Keith Crisco, American businessman and politician (d. 2014)
• 1943 – Janet Evanovich, American author
• 1943 – Louise Glück, American poet and academic
• 1943 – John Maples, Baron Maples, English lawyer and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Defence (d. 2012)
• 1944 – Steve Fossett, American businessman, pilot, and sailor (d. 2007)
• 1944 – Doug Jarrett, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2014)
• 1944 – Joshua Rifkin, American conductor and musicologist
• 1945 – Gopalkrishna Gandhi, Indian civil servant and politician, 22nd Governor of West Bengal
• 1945 – Demetrio Stratos, Egyptian-Italian singer-songwriter (Area) (d. 1979)
• 1946 – Steven L. Bennett, American captain and pilot, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1972)
• 1946 – Paul Davies, English physicist and author
• 1946 – Nicole Garcia, French actress and director
• 1946 – Louise Harel, Canadian lawyer and politician
• 1946 – Archy Kirkwood, Baron Kirkwood of Kirkhope, Scottish lawyer and politician
• 1946 – Nicholas Stern, Baron Stern of Brentford, English economist and academic
• 1946 – John Waters, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1948 – Larry Groce, American singer-songwriter and radio host
• 1948 – John Pritchard, English bishop
• 1950 – Peter Frampton, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (The Herd and Humble Pie)
• 1950 – Jancis Robinson, English journalist and critic
• 1950 – Zygi Wilf, German-American businessman
• 1951 – Paul Carrack, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Ace, Squeeze, Mike + The Mechanics, and Roxy Music)
• 1951 – Aivars Kalējs, Latvian organist, composer, and pianist
• 1951 – Ana María Shua, Argentinian author and poet
• 1952 – François Berléand, French actor
• 1952 – Marilyn Chambers, American porn actress and screenwriter (d. 2009)
• 1952 – Phil Smith, American basketball player (d. 2002)
• 1953 – Valeri Bondarenko, Estonian footballer and coach
• 1953 – Richard Broadbent, English businessman
• 1953 – Tom Griswold, American radio host
• 1953 – Juhani Komulainen, Finnish composer
• 1954 – Jōji Nakata, Japanese voice actor
• 1955 – David Collier, English businessman
• 1955 – Johnnie To, Hong Kong director and producer
• 1957 – Donald Tusk, Polish journalist and politician, 14th Prime Minister of Poland
• 1958 – Ken Olandt, American actor and producer
• 1959 – Keith Boanas, English footballer and manager
• 1959 – Tim Bowman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1959 – Terry Francona, American baseball player, coach, and manager
• 1959 – Catherine Mary Stewart, Canadian actress
• 1959 – Ryan Stiles, American-Canadian actor and producer
• 1959 – Musa Uzunlar, Turkish actor
• 1960 – Lloyd Honeyghan, Jamaican-English boxer
• 1960 – Mart Laar, Estonian historian and politician, 9th Prime Minister of Estonia
• 1960 – Gary Rhodes, English chef and author
• 1960 – Randall L. Stephenson, American businessman
• 1960 – Tatiana Thumbtzen, American actress, model, and dancer
• 1961 – Alo Mattiisen, Estonian composer (d. 1996)
• 1961 – Ann McKechin, Scottish lawyer and politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Scotland
• 1961 – Dewey Nicks, American photographer and director
• 1962 – Jeff Minter, English video game designer
• 1962 – Danièle Sauvageau, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1963 – Rosalind Gill, English sociologist and academic
• 1963 – Sean Lock, English comedian and actor
• 1963 – Brooke McCarter, American model, actor, and producer (d. 2015)
• 1963 – Magnús Ver Magnússon, Icelandic weightlifter and strongman
• 1964 – Estelle Asmodelle, Australian model and actress
• 1964 – Chris Makepeace, Canadian actor and director
• 1965 – Lauri Hendler, American actress
• 1965 – Fikret Kuşkan, Turkish actor
• 1965 – Miguel Leal, Portuguese footballer and manager
• 1965 – Peter Zezel, Canadian ice hockey and soccer player (d. 2009)
• 1966 – Dana Barron, American actress and producer
• 1966 – Kimberley Dahme, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Boston)
• 1966 – Fletcher Dragge, American guitarist and producer (Pennywise)
• 1966 – Mariana Levy, Mexican actress and singer (d. 2005)
• 1966 – Mickey Morandini, American baseball player and manager
• 1966 – Jeffrey Dean Morgan, American actor
• 1967 – Sheryl Lee, German-American actress
• 1967 – David J. C. MacKay, English physicist, engineer, and academic
• 1967 – Sherri Shepherd, American comedian, actress, and talk show host
• 1967 – Harvey Williams, American football player
• 1968 – Bimbo Coles, American basketball player and coach
• 1968 – Zarley Zalapski, Canadian-Swiss ice hockey player
• 1969 – Dion Dublin, English footballer and sportscaster
• 1970 – Erkki Bahovski, Estonian journalist
• 1970 – Andrea Giani, Italian volleyball player and coach
• 1970 – Desmond Pringle, American singer-songwriter
• 1970 – Regine Velasquez, Filipino singer, actress, and producer
• 1971 – Daisuke Enomoto, Japanese businessman
• 1971 – Spencer Prior, English footballer
• 1971 – Ingo Rademacher, German-Australian actor
• 1972 – Sabine Appelmans, Belgian tennis player
• 1972 – Owen Finegan, Australian rugby player and coach
• 1972 – Milka Duno, Venezuelan race car driver and engineer
• 1972 – Sergei Hohlov-Simson, Estonian footballer and manager
• 1972 – Willie Robertson, American hunter and businessman
• 1973 – Adem Poric, English-Australian footballer
• 1973 – Christopher Sabat, American voice actor, director, and producer
• 1973 – Ofer Talker, Israeli footballer and manager
• 1974 – Opio, American rapper (Souls of Mischief and Hieroglyphics)
• 1974 – Shavo Odadjian, Armenian-American bass player, songwriter, and producer (System of a Down and Achozen)
• 1975 – Greg Moore, Canadian race car driver (d. 1999)
• 1975 – Carlos Sastre, Spanish cyclist
• 1975 – Anders Nyström, Swedish guitarist and songwriter (Katatonia, Bewitched, Bloodbath, and Diabolical Masquerade)
• 1976 – Dan Cloutier, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1976 – Paul Henderson, Australian footballer
• 1976 – Michał Żewłakow, Polish footballer
• 1977 – Ambra Angiolini, Italian actress and singer
• 1977 – Anna Eriksson, Finnish singer
• 1977 – Mark van Bommel, Dutch footballer
• 1978 – Ezekiel Jackson, Guyanese-American wrestler
• 1978 – Paul Malakwen Kosgei, Kenyan runner and coach
• 1978 – David Masters, English cricketer
• 1978 – Matt Orford, Australian rugby player
• 1978 – Jason Stollsteimer, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Von Bondies and Hounds Below)
• 1978 – Esteban Tuero, Argentinian race car driver
• 1979 – Zoltán Gera, Hungarian footballer
• 1979 – Daniel Johns, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist (Silverchair and The Dissociatives)
• 1980 – Igor Budan, Croatian footballer
• 1980 – Clarke Dermody, New Zealand rugby player
• 1980 – Nicolas Douchez, French footballer
• 1980 – Courtney Friel, American journalist
• 1980 – Carlos Hernández, Venezuelan baseball player
• 1980 – Kora Karvouni, Greek actress
• 1980 – Aaron Michael Metchik, American actor and director
• 1980 – Quincy Timberlake, Kenyan-Australian activist, engineer, and politician
• 1981 – Ken Dorsey, American football player
• 1981 – Daniel Ghiță, Romanian kick-boxer
• 1981 – Madis Kallas, Estonian decathlete and activist
• 1981 – Rafael Sperafico, Brazilian race car driver (d. 2007)
• 1981 – Jonathan Trott, South African-English cricketer
• 1982 – Kaká, Brazilian footballer
• 1982 – Cassidy Freeman, American actress, singer, and pianist
• 1982 – Joel Monaghan, Australian rugby player
• 1982 – David Purcey, American baseball player
• 1982 – Aidas Reklys, Lithuanian figure skater
• 1982 – Aleksander Saharov, Estonian footballer
• 1982 – Noriko Shitaya, Japanese voice actress
• 1983 – Remi Ayodele, American football player
• 1983 – Francis Capra, American actor
• 1983 – Elliott Jordan, English actor
• 1983 – Sam W. Heads, English-American entomologist and palaeontologist
• 1983 – Jos Hooiveld, Dutch footballer
• 1983 – Matt Jones, American football player
• 1983 – Vangelis Mantzios, Greek footballer
• 1984 – Amelle Berrabah, English singer-songwriter (Sugababes)
• 1984 – Michelle Ryan, English actress
• 1985 – Matt Ballinger, American singer and actor (Dream Street)
• 1985 – Blake Fitzpatrick, American director and screenwriter
• 1985 – Pablo Cáceres Rodríguez, Uruguayan footballer
• 1985 – Kseniya Simonova, Ukrainian painter and sculptor
• 1986 – Amber Heard, American actress and producer
• 1986 – Marshawn Lynch, American football player
• 1986 – Dušan Šakota, Serbian-Greek basketball player
• 1987 – BC Jean, American singer-songwriter and actress
• 1987 – David Luiz, Brazilian footballer
• 1987 – David Mateos, Spanish footballer
• 1987 – John Obi Mikel, Nigerian footballer
• 1988 – James Ross, American drag queen performer
• 1988 – Amadou Samb, Senegalese footballer
• 1989 – DeJuan Blair, American basketball player
• 1989 – Jasper Cillessen, Dutch footballer
• 1989 – Thomas James Longley, English actor and model
• 1990 – Óscar González, Mexican boxer (d. 2014)
• 1990 – Machine Gun Kelly, American rapper
• 1990 – Eve Muirhead, Scottish curler
• 1990 – Jade Windley, English tennis player
• 1991 – Braydon Smith, Australian boxer (d. 2015)
• 1992 – Joc Pederson, American baseball player
• 1992 – Kenny Stills, American football player
• 1992 – Rolene Strauss, South African model, Miss World 2014
• 1992 – Joonas Vaino, Estonian basketball player
• 1992 – Robin van Helsum, Dutch criminal
• 1993 – Ryu Hwa-young, South Korean rapper, dancer, and actress (T-ara)
• 1995 – Victoria Rodríguez, Mexican tennis player
• 1997 – Jekalyn Carr, American singer-songwriter

Deaths

• 296 – Pope Caius
• 536 – Pope Agapetus I
• 591 – Peter III of Raqqa
• 613 – Saint Theodore of Sykeon
• 1616 – Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish novelist, poet, and playwright (b. 1547)
• 1672 – Georg Stiernhielm, Swedish linguist and poet (b. 1598)
• 1699 – Hans Erasmus Aßmann, German poet (b. 1646)
• 1758 – Antoine de Jussieu, French botanist and physician (b. 1686)
• 1806 – Pierre-Charles Villeneuve, French admiral (b. 1763)
• 1821 – Gregory V of Constantinople, Greek patriarch and saint (b. 1746)
• 1833 – Richard Trevithick, English engineer and explorer (b. 1771)
• 1850 – Friedrich Robert Faehlmann, Estonian philologist and physician (b. 1798)
• 1854 – Nicolás Bravo, Mexican general and politician, 11th President of Mexico (b. 1786)
• 1877 – James P. Kirkwood, Scottish-American engineer (b. 1807)
• 1892 – Édouard Lalo, French violinist and composer (b. 1823)
• 1893 – Chaim Aronson, Lithuanian businessman and author (b. 1825)
• 1894 – Kostas Krystallis, Greek author and poet (b. 1868)
• 1896 – Thomas Meik, English engineer, founded Halcrow Group (b. 1812)
• 1908 – Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Scottish-English merchant and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1836)
• 1925 – André Caplet, French composer and conductor (b. 1878)
• 1929 – Henry Lerolle, French painter and art collector (b. 1848)
• 1932 – Ferenc Oslay, Hungarian-Slovene historian and author (b. 1883)
• 1933 – Henry Royce, English engineer and businessman, co-founded Rolls-Royce Limited (b. 1863)
• 1944 – Nikolaos Roussen, Greek captain (b. 1913)
• 1945 – Wilhelm Cauer, German mathematician and academic (b. 1900)
• 1945 – Käthe Kollwitz, German painter and sculptor (b. 1867)
• 1946 – Lionel Atwill, English-American actor (b. 1885)
• 1946 – Harlan F. Stone, American lawyer and jurist, 12th Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1872)
• 1949 – Charles Middleton, American actor (b. 1874)
• 1950 – Charles Hamilton Houston, American lawyer and academic (b. 1895)
• 1951 – Horace Donisthorpe, English myrmecologist and coleopterist (b. 1870)
• 1956 – Walt Faulkner, American racing driver (b. 1918)
• 1968 – Stephen H. Sholes, American record producer (b. 1911)
• 1978 – Will Geer, American actor and singer (b. 1902)
• 1980 – Jane Froman, American actress and singer (b. 1907)
• 1980 – Fritz Strassmann, German chemist and physicist (b. 1902)
• 1983 – John Louis Evans, American murderer (b. 1950)
• 1983 – Earl Hines, American pianist and bandleader (b. 1903)
• 1984 – Ansel Adams, American photographer and environmentalist (b. 1902)
• 1985 – Paul Hugh Emmett, American chemist and academic (b. 1900)
• 1985 – Jacques Ferron, Canadian physician and author (b. 1921)
• 1986 – Mircea Eliade, Romanian historian and author (b. 1907)
• 1987 – Erika Nõva, Estonian architect (b. 1905)
• 1988 – Grigori Kuzmin, Russian-Estonian astronomer and academic (b. 1917)
• 1988 – Irene Rich, American actress (b. 1891)
• 1989 – Emilio G. Segrè, Italian-American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)
• 1990 – Albert Salmi, American actor (b. 1928)
• 1991 – Feriha Tevfik, Turkish model and actress, Miss Turkey 1929 (b. 1910)
• 1994 – Richard Nixon, American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician, 37th President of the United States (b. 1913)
• 1995 – Jane Kenyon, American poet and author (b. 1947)
• 1995 – Maggie Kuhn, American activist, founded the Gray Panthers (b. 1905)
• 1996 – Erma Bombeck, American journalist and author (b. 1927)
• 1996 – Jug McSpaden, American golfer and architect (b. 1908)
• 1998 – Kitch Christie, South African rugby player and coach (b. 1940)
• 1999 – Chan Canasta, Polish-English magician (b. 1920)
• 1999 – Munir Ahmad Khan, Pakistani-Austrian physicist and engineer (b. 1926)
• 1999 – Apostolos Nikolaidis, Greek-American singer (b. 1938)
• 2002 – Linda Lovelace, American porn actress (b. 1949)
• 2003 – Felice Bryant, American songwriter (b. 1925)
• 2003 – James H. Critchfield, American CIA officer (b. 1917)
• 2003 – Martha Griffiths, American lawyer, judge, and politician, 58th Lieutenant Governor of Michigan (b. 1912)
• 2003 – Mike Larrabee, American runner (b. 1933)
• 2004 – Michael Christie, American golfer (b.1969)
• 2004 – Jason Dunham, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1981)
• 2004 – Pat Tillman, American football player and soldier (b. 1976)
• 2005 – Norman Bird, English actor (b. 1920)
• 2005 – Erika Fuchs, German translator (b. 1906)
• 2005 – Philip Morrison, American physicist and academic (b. 1915)
• 2006 – Henriette Avram, American computer scientist and academic (b. 1919)
• 2006 – D'Iberville Fortier, Canadian diplomat (b. 1926)
• 2006 – Alida Valli, Italian actress and singer (b. 1921)
• 2007 – Juanita Millender-McDonald, American educator and politician (b. 1938)
• 2008 – Cameron Argetsinger, American race car driver and lawyer (b. 1921)
• 2008 – Ed Chynoweth, Canadian businessman (b. 1941)
• 2008 – Paul Davis, American singer-songwriter (b. 1948)
• 2010 – Richard Barrett, American lawyer and activist (b. 1943)
• 2011 – Moin Akhter, Pakistani actor (b. 1950)
• 2012 – John Amabile, American football player and coach (b. 1939)
• 2012 – Bill Granger, American author (b. 1941)
• 2012 – Buzz Potamkin, American director and producer (b. 1945)
• 2012 – George Rathmann, American chemist, biologist, and businessman (b. 1927)
• 2013 – Dave Gold, American businessman, founded 99 Cents Only Stores (b. 1932)
• 2013 – George Stanley Gordon, American businessman (b. 1926)
• 2013 – Richie Havens, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1941)
• 2013 – Lalgudi Jayaraman, Indian violinist and composer (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Mike Smith, English footballer (b. 1935)
• 2013 – Robert Suderburg, American pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1936)
• 2013 – J. S. Verma, Indian judge, 27th Chief Justice of India (b. 1933)
• 2014 – Allen Jacobs, American football player and coach (b. 1941)
• 2014 – Jovan Krkobabić, Serbian politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Serbia (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Mohammad Naseem, Pakistani-English activist (b. 1924)
• 2014 – Werner Potzernheim, German cyclist (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Oswaldo Vigas, Venezuelan painter (b. 1926)
• 2015 – Dick Balharry, Scottish environmentalist and photographer (b. 1937)
• 2015 – Dorothy Custer, American comedian (b. 1911)
• 2015 – Charles Scott, American lawyer, judge, and politician (b. 1947)
• 2015 – Gennadi Vengerov, Belarusian-Russian actor (b. 1954)

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Acepsimas of Hnaita and companions (Catholic Church)
  • Epipodius and Alexander
  • John Muir (Episcopal Church)
  • Hudson Stuck (Episcopal Church)
  • April 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Discovery Day (Brazil)
• Earth Day and its related observances:
  • International Mother Earth Day (International)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada