Integral monotopic protein
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
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Schematic representation of the different types of interaction between monotopic membrane proteins and the cell membrane: 1. interaction by an amphipathic α-helix parallel to the membrane plane (in-plane membrane helix) 2. interaction by a hydrophobic loop 3. interaction by a covalently bound membrane lipid (lipidation) 4. electrostatic or ionic interactions with membrane lipids (e.g. through a calcium ion)
Integral monotopic proteins, are permanently attached to the membrane from one side.
Three-dimensional structures of the following integral monotopic proteins have been determined:
- prostaglandin H2 syntheses 1 and 2 (cyclooxygenases)
- lanosterol synthase and squalene-hopene cyclase
- microsomal prostaglandin E synthase
- carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2
There are also structures of integral monotopic domains of transmembrane proteins:
- monoamine oxidases A and B
- fatty acid amide hydrolase
- mammalian cytochrome P450 oxidases
- corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenases
