Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party

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Leader of the Labour Party
Precursor David Cunliffe
Inaugural holder Alfred Hindmarsh
Formation 7 July 1916
Deputy Annette King MP
Website Labour Party profile

The Leader of the Labour Party is the highest ranked politician within the Labour Party in New Zealand. Since 18 November 2014, the office has been held by Andrew Little MP, who is a List MP.[1]

Annette King is the Deputy Leader of the Labour Party, elected on the same day. She previously served as the Deputy Leader between 2008 and 2011 under Phil Goff, making her the only person to hold the office twice.

History

The post of Leader of the Labour Party was officially created upon the party's inception in 1916, though the title "Leader" was often substituted and/or complimented with the title "Chairman". In 1935, Michael Joseph Savage became the first ever Labour Prime Minister, following a landslide victory. In 1963, Arnold Nordmeyer became the first Leader of the Labour Party to have been born in New Zealand. Prior to this, three Leaders had been born in Australia and one each in England and Scotland. The most electorally successful Labour Leader to date is Helen Clark, who won three elections in 1999, 2002 and 2005. Clark is also the Labour Party's longest serving leader serving 14 years, 346 days between 1993 and 2008.[2] Peter Fraser is the longest serving Labour Prime Minister, serving 9 years, 261 days between 1940 and 1949.

Selection

Unlike other political party leaders, the Labour Party's Leader does not have the power to dismiss or appoint their Deputy. Both the Leader and Deputy Leader are elected. The Labour Party elects its Leader in a vote split among the party's caucus, party members and party affiliates (unions) in a 40/40/20 split respectively.[3] Prior to 2013, the Leader was elected solely by the parliamentary caucus. This practice remains for the Deputy Leadership.

Unique to Labour, the party's caucus posseses the right to elect MP's to Cabinet, rather than the Leader choosing them. The practice began following the 1940 leadership election.[4] Michael Joseph Savage was the only leader to solely appoint his own cabinet following the election victories in 1935 and 1938.

Role

When the Labour Party forms the Parliamentary Opposition, as it currently does, the Leader of the Labour Party usually acts as the Leader of the Opposition, and chairs a Shadow Cabinet. Concordantly, when the Party is in Government, the Leader would become the Prime Minister of New Zealand.

Leaders of the Labour Party

The following is a complete list of Labour Party leaders (including Acting Leaders):

Key:
      Labour       Reform       United       National
PM: Prime Minister
LO: Leader of the Opposition
†: Died in office

No. Leader
(Birth–Death)		 Portrait Electorate Term Began Term Ended Time in Office Position Prime Minister
1 Alfred Hindmarsh
(1860–1918)		 100px Wellington South 7 July 1916 13 November 1918† 2 years, 4 months, 7 days — Massey
2 Harry Holland
(1868–1933)		 Harry Holland (1925).jpg Grey (1918-19)
Buller (1919-33)		 27 August 1919 8 October 1933† 14 years, 1 month, 12 days —
Bell
LO 1926–1928 Coates
Junior coalition partner
1928–1931		 Ward
LO 1931–1933 Forbes
3 Michael Joseph Savage
(1872–1940)		 Michael Joseph Savage Portrait.jpg Auckland West 12 October 1933 27 March 1940† 6 years, 5 months, 20 days LO 1933–1935
PM 1935–1940 Savage
4 Peter Fraser
(1884–1950)		 Peter Fraser.jpg Wellington Central (1918-46)
Brooklyn (1946-50)		 1 April 1940 12 December 1950† 10 years, 8 months, 12 days PM 1940–1949 Fraser
LO 1949–1950 Holland
5 Walter Nash
(1882–1968)		 Walter Nash (ca 1940s).jpg Hutt 17 January 1951 31 March 1963 12 years, 2 months, 15 days LO 1951–1957
Holyoake
PM 1957–1960 Nash
LO 1960–1963 Holyoake
6 Arnold Nordmeyer
(1901–1989)		 Arnold Nordmeyer (1950).jpg Island Bay 1 April 1963 16 December 1965 2 years, 8 months, 16 days LO 1963–1965
7 Norman Kirk
(1923–1974)		 Norman Kirk.jpg Lyttelton (1957-69)
Sydenham (1969-74)		 16 December 1965 31 August 1974† 8 years, 8 months, 16 days LO 1965–1972
Marshall
PM 1972–1974 Kirk
- Hugh Watt×
(1912–1980)		 Hugh Watt.jpg Onehunga 31 August 1974 6 September 1974 7 days PM× 1974 Watt
8 Bill Rowling
(1927–1995)		 Bill Rowling, 1962.jpg Tasman 6 September 1974 3 February 1983 8 years, 4 months, 29 days PM 1974–1975 Rowling
LO 1975–1983 Muldoon
9 David Lange
(1942–2005)		 David Lange (cropped).jpg Mangere 3 February 1983 8 August 1989 6 years, 6 months, 5 days LO 1983–1984
PM 1984–1989 Lange
10 Geoffrey Palmer
(1942–)		 SirGeoffreyPalmer.jpg Christchurch Central 8 August 1989 4 September 1990 1 year, 28 days PM 1989–1990 Palmer
11 Mike Moore
(1949–)		 Mike Moore.jpg Christchurch North 4 September 1990 1 December 1993 3 years, 2 months, 28 days PM 1990 Moore
LO 1990–1993 Bolger
12 Helen Clark
(1950–)		 Helen Clark UNDP 2010.jpg Mount Albert 1 December 1993 19 November 2008 14 years, 11 months, 19 days LO 1993–1999
Shipley
PM 1999–2008 Clark
13 Phil Goff
(1953–)		 Phil Goff at Maungaraki School.jpg Mount Roskill 19 November 2008 13 December 2011 3 years, 25 days LO 2008–2011 Key
14 David Shearer
(1957–)		 David Shearer.jpg Mount Albert 13 December 2011 15 September 2013 1 year, 9 months, 3 days LO 2011–2013
15 David Cunliffe
(1963–)		 Cunliffe crop.jpg New Lynn 15 September 2013 30 September 2014 1 year, 16 days LO 2013–2014
- David Parker×
(1960–)		 100px List MP 30 September 2014 18 November 2014 1 month, 20 days LO× 2014
16 Andrew Little
(1965–)		 100px List MP 18 November 2014 incumbent Script error: The function "age_generic" does not exist. LO 2014–present

Note: ×Deputy Leaders who assumed the role of party leader temporarily because of the death or resignation of the incumbent, serving until the election of a new leader.

Deputy Leaders of the Labour Party

The following is a complete list of Labour Party leaders

No. Leader
(Birth–Death)		 Portrait Electorate Term of Office Leader
1 James McCombs
(1873–1933)		 100px Lyttelton 27 August 1919 February 1923 Holland
2 Michael Joseph Savage
(1872–1940)		 Michael Joseph Savage Portrait.jpg Auckland West February 1923 12 October 1933
3 Peter Fraser
(1884–1950)		 Peter Fraser.jpg Wellington Central 12 October 1933 1 April 1940 Savage
4 Walter Nash
(1882–1968)		 Walter Nash (ca 1940s).jpg Hutt 1 April 1940 17 January 1951 Holyoake
5 Clarence Skinner
(1900–1962)		 CF Skinner.tif Buller 17 January 1951 26 April 1962† Nash
6 Fred Hackett
(1901–1963)		 Fred Hackett, 1958.JPG Grey Lynn 26 April 1962 19 March 1963†
7 Hugh Watt
(1912–1980)		 Hugh Watt.jpg Onehunga 1 April 1963 6 September 1974 Nordmeyer
Kirk
8 Bob Tizard
(1924–2016)		 No image.png Otahuhu 10 September 1974 1 November 1979 Rowling
9 David Lange
(1942–2005)		 David Lange (cropped).jpg Mangere 1 November 1979 3 February 1983
10 Geoffrey Palmer
(1942–)		 SirGeoffreyPalmer.jpg Christchurch Central 3 February 1983 8 August 1989 Lange
11 Helen Clark
(1950–)		 Helen Clark UNDP 2010.jpg Mount Albert 8 August 1989 1 December 1993 Palmer
Moore
12 David Caygill
(1948–)		 100px St Albans 1 December 1993 12 October 1996 Clark
13 Michael Cullen
(1945–)		 Michael Cullen.jpg Dunedin South 12 October 1996 19 November 2008
14 Annette King
(1947–)		 100px Rongotai 19 November 2008 13 December 2011 Goff
15 Grant Robertson
(1971–)		 100px Wellington Central 13 December 2011 15 September 2013 Shearer
16 David Parker
(1960–)		 100px List MP 15 September 2013 18 November 2014 Cunliffe
(14) Annette King
(1947–)		 100px Rongotai 18 November 2014 incumbent Little

References

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