Portal:Food

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Food is any substance that can be consumed to help the body grow, usually composed primarily of carbohydrates, fats, minerals, water and/or proteins, that can be eaten or drunk and metabolized by almost all multicellular entities for nutrition or pleasure. Items considered food may be sourced from plants, animals or other categories such as fungus. Ranching, farming, fishing, hunting, foraging, grocery shopping and other methods are ways to obtain food. Most traditions have a recognizable cuisine, a specific set of cooking traditions, preferences, and practices, the study of which is known as gastronomy. Many cultures have diversified their foods by means of preparation, cooking methods and manufacturing. This also includes a complex food trade which helps the cultures to economically survive by-way-of food, not just by consumption. Global cuisines can be defined as cuisine based upon global, continental, national, state or local regions; essentially as cuisines of the world. Many cultures study the dietary analysis of food habits. While humans are omnivores, religion and social constructs such as morality often affect which foods they will consume. Food safety is also a concern with foodborne illness claiming many lives each year. In English, the substance food is often used metaphorically or figuratively, as in food for thought. French cuisine is a style of cooking derived from the nation of France. It evolved from centuries of social and political change. The Middle Ages brought lavish banquets to the upper class with ornate, heavily seasoned food prepared by chefs such as Guillaume Tirel. The era of the French Revolution, however, saw a move toward fewer spices and more liberal usage of herbs and refined techniques. French cuisine was codified in the 20th century by Georges Auguste Escoffier to become the modern version of haute cuisine. Ingredients and dishes vary by region. There are many significant regional dishes that have become both national and regional. Many dishes that were once regional, however, have proliferated in different variations across the country in the present day. Cheese and wine are also a major part of the cuisine, playing different roles both regionally and nationally with their many variations and Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) (regulated appellation) laws. Georges Auguste Escoffier B. 28 October 1846 – d. 12 February 1935 Georges Auguste Escoffier was a French chef, restaurateur and culinary writer who popularized and updated traditional French cooking methods. He is a near-legendary figure among chefs and gourmets, and was one of the most important leaders in the development of modern French cuisine. Much of Escoffier's technique was based on that of Antoine Carême, one of the codifiers of French Haute cuisine, but Escoffier's achievement was to simplify and modernize Carême's elaborate and ornate style. Alongside the recipes he recorded and invented, another of Escoffier's contributions to cooking was to elevate it to the status of a respected profession, and to introduce discipline and sobriety where before there had been disorder and drunkenness. He organized his kitchens by the brigade system, with each section run by a chef de partie. He also replaced the practice of service à la française (serving all dishes at once) with service à la russe (serving each dish in the order printed on the menu). The original Paella was a poor man's fare, which is why it is made with a little of everything one may have on hand in the kitchen. "Paella" is the name for frying pan in Valencian, although as popularity for this dish spread throughout Spain, the pan has come to be known as the paellera. Paella is a typical dish from the Valencia Region. This recipe is for the traditional Paella Valenciana, which is where the dish was first created. But many different varieties of paella are enjoyed. For example, in some regions of Valencia paella is cooked using more seafood such as shrimp, mussels and clams. This recipe is an excellent and restaurant-grade version of the traditional paella, which I discovered on the net and it's the only version I cook. I don't have the link to the page where I found the recipe, but I do know that the person who wrote it was taught it by a Spanish chef from the heart of Valencia, the home of this wonderful dish. Yeasts are a growth form of eukaryotic microorganisms classified in the kingdom Fungi, with about 1,500 species described; they dominate fungal diversity in the oceans. Most reproduce asexually by budding, although a few do by binary fission. Yeasts are unicellular, although some species with yeast forms may become multicellular through the formation of a string of connected budding cells known as pseudohyphae, or false hyphae as seen in most molds. Yeast size can vary greatly depending on the species, typically measuring 3–4 µm in diameter, although some yeasts can reach over 40 µm. The yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been used in baking and fermenting alcoholic beverages for thousands of years. It is also extremely important as a model organism in modern cell biology research, and is the most thoroughly researched eukaryotic microorganism. Researchers have used it to gather information into the biology of the eukaryotic cell and ultimately human biology. Other species of yeast, such as Candida albicans, are opportunistic pathogens and can cause infection in humans. Yeasts have recently been used to generate electricity in microbial fuel cells, and produce ethanol for the biofuel industry. Yeasts do not form a specific taxonomic or phylogenetic grouping. At present it is estimated that only 1% of all yeast species have been described. The term "yeast" is often taken as a synonym for S. cerevisiae, however the phylogenetic diversity of yeasts is shown by their placement in both divisions Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. The budding yeasts ("true yeasts") are classified in the order Saccharomycetales. Food news from Wikinews October 17: Police shut down Edmonton pizza restaurant for illegally delivering alcohol September 16: Subway sandwich empire co-founder Fred DeLuca dies August 30: UK beer, soft drinks delivery drivers vote to strike August 7: Russian government homosexuality position leads to NYC Russian vodka boycott May 12: Fifth Expo Gastronomía finishes in Caracas “ Cooking is like love. It should be entered into with abandon or not at all. ” — Harriet Van Horne Ordinary sausage making in Hungary. Ordinary sausage making in Hungary. Food Drink Beer Wine Liquor Coffee Bacon Agriculture and Agronomy Health and fitness Hunger relief Template:/box-footer Parent project: WikiProject Food and Drink Related projects: WikiProject Agriculture WikiProject Fishing and Fisheries Child projects: Task forces: Wikiproject Bacon WikiProject Bartending WikiProject Beer WikiProject Breakfast WikiProject Spirits Wikiproject Wine Beverages task force Cheeses task force Coffee and Tea task force Desserts task force Foodservice task force Herbs and Spices task force Pub task force What are WikiProjects? Here are some tasks awaiting attention: Article requests : See Food, drink, and nutrition article requests Cleanup : Bremner Wafer Copyedit : Personal chef, Tea Classics, More... Expand : Allen Family Foods, Maître d'hôtel, Outline of food preparation, Pastry chef, Saucier, Wenchang Chicken, More Maintain : List of chefs, List of Michelin starred restaurants NPOV : Vegetarianism Photo : Wikipedia requested photographs of food and drink Stubs : Food and drink stubs Verify : Baker, Breakfast, Brunch, Burger King Kingdom, Chef, Coconut milk powder, Dim sum, Dining rights, Dinner, Foodpairing, Food studies, Garde manger, Irish Cuisine, Latin American cuisine, List of street foods, Lunch, Meat cutter, Philippine cuisine, Salvadoran cuisine, Sausage making, Smörgåsbord, Tapas, Venetian cuisine Wikify : Confectionery store, List of stews Other : Category:Wikipedia articles needing style editing Template:/box-header The following are categories relating to food. Select [►] to view subcategories ▼ Foods ► Foods by cooking technique ► Lists of foods ► Appetizers ► Breads ► Chocolate ► Condiments ► Confectionery ► Dairy products ► Desserts ► Dried foods ► Dumplings ► Edible plants ► Fast food ► Fermented foods ► Fictional foods ► Fruit ► Food ingredients ► Kosher food ► Meat ► Meat substitutes ► Military food ► Noodles ► Pancakes ► Pasta ► Patented foods ► Pet foods ► Pies ► Porridges ► Prepared foods by main ingredient ► Salads ► Sandwiches ► Sauces ► Food science ► Seafood ► Snack foods ► Soups ► Staple foods ► Stews ► Vegetables See also: Category:Lists of foods and Category:Lists of beverages Food list articles on Wikipedia: American cheeses Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée cheeses Apple cultivars Bacon dishes Bacon substitutes Basil cultivars Breads Breakfast beverages Breakfast cereals Breakfast foods British cheeses Cakes Candies Cheeses Cheese soups Christmas dishes (list) Cocktails Cookies Dishes using coconut milk Diets Doughnut varieties Egg dishes Fermented soy products Food additives Food additives (Codex Alimentarius) Foods named after people French cheeses French dishes Fried dough foods Fruits List of hamburgers Herbs and spices Hors d'oeuvre Indian dishes Indian snack foods Indonesian dishes Italian dishes Japanese snacks Japanese dishes Jewish dishes Kebabs Korean beverages Mango cultivars Moroccan dishes Pasta Pastries Philippine snack food Pies, tarts and flans Poppy seed pastries and dishes Potato dishes Puddings Raw fish dishes Rice dishes Rolled foods Sauces Seafood Seeds Sandwiches Snack foods Soft drinks by country Soul foods and dishes Soups Stews Street foods Tapas Turkish dishes Twice-baked foods Vegetable oils Vegetables Vodkas Template:/box-header The following are topics relating to food Beverages Alcoholic beverage, Beer, Cocktail, Coffee, Distilled beverage, Energy drink, Espresso, Flaming beverage, Foodshake, Juice, Korean beverages, Liqueur, Milk, Milkshake, Non-alcoholic beverage, Slush, Smoothie, Soft drink, Sparkling water, Sports drink, Tea, Water, Wine Cooking Baking, Barbecuing, Blanching, Baking Blind, Boiling, Braising, Broiling, Chefs, Coddling, Cookbooks, Cooking school, Cooking show, Cookware and bakeware, Cuisine, Deep frying, Double steaming, Food and cooking hygiene, Food processor, Food writing, Frying, Grilling, Hot salt frying, Hot sand frying, Infusion, Kitchen, Cooking utensils, Macerating, Marinating, Microwaving, Pan frying, Poaching, Pressure cooking, Pressure frying, Recipe, Restaurant, Roasting, Rotisserie, Sautéing, Searing, Simmering, Smoking, Steaming, Steeping, Stewing, Stir frying, Vacuum flask cooking Cooking schools Art Institute of Fort Lauderdale, Cambridge School of Culinary Arts, Culinary Institute of America, French Culinary Institute, Hattori Nutrition College, International Culinary Center, Johnson & Wales University, Le Cordon Bleu, Louisiana Culinary Institute, New England Culinary Institute, Schenectady County Community College, State University of New York at Delhi Dining Buffet, Catering, Drinkware, Food festival, Gourmand, Gourmet, Picnic, Potluck, Restaurant, Salad bar, Service à la française, Service à la russe, Table d'hôte, Thanksgiving dinner, Vegan, Vegetarian, Waiter, Wine tasting Foods Baby food, Beans, Beef, Breads, Burger, Breakfast cereals, Cereal, Cheeses, Comfort food, Condiments, Confections, Convenience food, Cuisine, Dairy products, Delicacies, Desserts, Diet food, Dried foods, Eggs, Fast foods, Finger food, Fish, Flavoring, Food additive, Food supplements, Frozen food, Fruits, Functional food, Genetically modified food, Herbs, Hors d'œuvres, Hot dogs, Ingredients, Junk food, Legumes, Local food, Meats, Noodles, Novel food, Nuts, Organic foods, Pastas, Pastries, Poultry, Pork, Produce, Puddings, Salads, Sandwiches, Sauces, Seafood, Seeds, Side dishes, Slow foods, Soul food, Snack foods, Soups, Spices, Spreads, Staple food, Stews, Street food, Sweets, Taboo food and drink, Vegetables Food industry Agriculture, Bakery, Dairy, Fair trade, Farmers' market, Farming, Fishing industry, Food additive, Food bank, Food co-op, Food court, Food distribution, Food engineering, Food processing, Food Salvage, Food science, Foodservice distributor, Grocery store, Health food store, Institute of Food Technologists, Meat packing industry, Organic farming, Restaurant, Software, Supermarket, Sustainable agriculture Food organizations American Culinary Federation, American Institute of Baking, American Society for Enology and Viticulture, Chinese American Food Society, European Food Information Resource Network, Food and Agriculture Organization, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Technologists, International Association of Culinary Professionals, International Life Sciences Institute, International Union of Food Science and Technology, James Beard Foundation, World Association of Chefs Societies Food politics Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety, European Food Safety Authority, Food and agricultural policy, Food and Agriculture Organization, Food and Drugs Act, Food and Drug Administration, Food and Nutrition Service, Food crises, Food labelling Regulations, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Food security, Food Stamp Program, Food Standards Agency (UK), Natural food movement, World Food Council, World Food Prize, World Food Programme Food preservation Canning, Dried foods, Fermentation, Freeze drying, Food preservatives, Irradiation, Pasteurization, Pickling, Preservative, Snap freezing, Vacuum evaporation Food science Appetite, Aristology, Biosafety, Cooking, Danger zone, Digestion, Famine, Fermentation, Flavor, Food allergy, Foodborne illness, Food coloring, Food composition, Food chemistry, Food craving, Food faddism, Food engineering, Food preservation, Food quality, Food safety, Food storage, Food technology, Gastronomy, Gustatory system, Harvesting, Product development, Sensory analysis, Shelf-life, Slaughtering, Taste, Timeline of agriculture and food technology Meals Breakfast, Second breakfast, Elevenses, Brunch, Tiffin, Lunch, Tea, Dinner, Supper, Dessert, Snack Courses of a meal Amuse bouche, Bread, Cheese, Coffee, Dessert, Entrée, Entremet, Hors d'œuvre, Main course, Nuts, Salad, Soup Nutrition Chronic toxicity, Dietary supplements, Diet, Dieting, Diets, Eating disorder, Food allergy, Food energy, Food groups, Food guide pyramid, Food pyramid, Food sensitivity, Healthy eating, Malnutrition, Nootropic, Nutraceutical, Nutrient, Obesity, Protein, Protein combining, Yo-yo dieting Occupations Baker, Butcher, Chef, Personal chef, Farmer, Food stylist, Grocer, Waiter Other Food chain, Incompatible Food Triad The following Wikimedia sister projects provide more on this subject: Wikipedia's Portals All Portals Overview Glossaries Indices Lists Outlines Categories Reference Culture Geography Health History Mathematics Nature People Philosophy Religion Society Technology Featured 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