118th United States Congress

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For a general discussion of the United States government's legislative branch, see United States Congress.
118th United States Congress
117th ← → 119th
200px
United States Capitol (2023)
Duration: January 3, 2023 – January 3, 2025
Senate President: Kamala Harris (D)
Senate Pres. pro tem: {{{pro tem}}}
House Speaker: Kevin McCarthy (R)
Members: 100 Senators
435 Representatives
6 Non-voting members
Senate Majority: Democratic
House Majority: Republican
Sessions
1st: January 3, 2023 – TBD
File:118 USA pin.png
118th Congress member pin

The 118th United States Congress is the current meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It convened in Washington, D.C., on January 3, 2023, and is scheduled to continue until January 3, 2025, during the final two years of President Joe Biden's first term.

In the 2022 midterm elections, the Republicans won control of the House for the first time since the 115th Congress, while the Democrats gained one seat in the Senate, expanding their majority from 50–50 (with a caucus of 48 Democrats, two independents, and Vice President Kamala Harris serving as the tie breaker) to 51–49 (with a caucus of 48 Democrats and three independents). This marks the first split Congress since the 116th, and the first Republican House–Democratic Senate split since the 113th.

With Republicans winning the House, the 118th Congress ended the federal government trifecta Democrats held in the 117th Congress,[1] and features the first female Senate president pro tempore (Patty Murray), the first Black party leader (Hakeem Jeffries) in congressional history, and the longest serving Senate party leader (Mitch McConnell). Additionally, it began with a multi-ballot election for Speaker of the House, which had not happened since the 68th Congress, a century ago. Kevin McCarthy was eventually declared the winner on the 15th ballot.

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Contents

Major events

Major legislation

Proposed (but not enacted)

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Main article: List of bills in the 118th United States Congress
House bills
Senate bills

Major resolutions

Adopted

Proposed

Party summary

Resignations and new members are discussed in the "Changes in membership" section below.
  • Senate membership
Overview of Senate membership by party
  Party
(shading shows control)
 Total Vacant
Democratic Independent Republican
End of previous Congress[lower-alpha 1] 48 2 50 100 0
Begin (January 3, 2023) 48 3 49 100 0
January 8, 2023[lower-alpha 2] 48 99 1
January 23, 2023[lower-alpha 2] 49 100 0
Latest voting share 51.0% 49.0%  
Overview of House membership by party
  Party
(shading shows control)
 Total Vacant
Democratic Republican
End of previous Congress 216 213 429 6
Begin (January 3, 2023)[lower-alpha 3] 212 222 434 1
Latest voting share 48.8% 51.2%
Non-voting members 3 3[lower-alpha 4] 6 0

Leadership

Note: Democrats refer to themselves as a "Caucus"; Republicans refer to themselves as a "Conference".

Senate

File:Kamala Harris Vice Presidential Portrait (cropped).jpg
Senate President
Kamala Harris (D)
File:Patty Murray, official portrait, 113th Congress (cropped).jpg
Senate President pro tempore
Patty Murray (D)

Presiding

Majority (Democrats)

Minority (Republicans)

House of Representatives

File:Kevin McCarthy, official portrait, speaker.jpg
House Speaker
Kevin McCarthy (R)

Presiding

Majority (Republicans)

Minority (Democrats)

Members

Senate

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For year of birth, when first took office, prior background, and education, see List of current United States senators.
Contents

The numbers refer to their Senate classes. All class 3 seats were contested in the November 2022 elections. In this Congress, class 3 means their term commenced in the current Congress, requiring re-election in 2028; class 1 means their term ends with this Congress, requiring re-election in 2024; and class 2 means their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 2026.

House of Representatives

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Further information: List of current members of the United States House of Representatives

All 435 seats were filled by election in November 2022. Additionally, six non-voting members were elected from the American territories and Washington, D.C.[lower-alpha 7]

The numbers refer to the congressional district of the given state in this Congress. Eight new congressional districts were created or re-created, while eight others were eliminated, as a result of the 2020 United States census.[lower-alpha 8][lower-alpha 9]

Contents

Changes in membership

Senate changes

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See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate
State
(class)		 Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[lower-alpha 10]
Nebraska
(2)		 Ben Sasse
(R)		 Incumbent resigned on January 8, 2023, to become the president of the University of Florida.[13]
Successor was appointed January 12, 2023.[14][lower-alpha 11]		 Pete Ricketts
(R)		 January 23, 2023

House of Representatives changes

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See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives
District Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[lower-alpha 10]
Virginia 4 Vacant Incumbent Donald McEachin (D) died November 28, 2022, before the beginning of this Congress.
A special election will be held on February 21, 2023.[16]		 TBD

Committees

Section contents: Senate, House, Joint

Senate Committees

Standing Committees

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Main article: List of United States Senate committees
Committee Chair Ranking Member
Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry Debbie Stabenow (D-MI) John Boozman (R-AR)
Appropriations Patty Murray (D-WA) Susan Collins (R-ME)
Armed Services Jack Reed (D-RI) Roger Wicker (R-MS)
Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Sherrod Brown (D-OH) Tim Scott (R-SC)
Budget Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI) Lindsey Graham (R-SC)
Commerce, Science and Transportation Maria Cantwell (D-WA) Ted Cruz (R-TX)
Energy and Natural Resources Joe Manchin (D-WV) John Barrasso (R-WY)
Environment and Public Works Tom Carper (D-DE) Shelley Moore Capito (R-WV)
Finance Ron Wyden (D-OR) Mike Crapo (R-ID)
Foreign Relations Bob Menendez (D-NJ) Jim Risch (R-ID)
Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Bernie Sanders (I-VT) Bill Cassidy (R-LA)
Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Gary Peters (D-MI) Rand Paul (R-KY)
Judiciary Dick Durbin (D-IL) Chuck Grassley (R-IA)
Rules and Administration Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) Deb Fischer (R-NE)
Small Business and Entrepreneurship Ben Cardin (D-MD) TBD
Veterans' Affairs Jon Tester (D-MT) Jerry Moran (R-KS)

Select, Permanent Select & Special Committees

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Main article: List of United States Senate committees
Committee Chair Ranking Member
Aging (Special) Bob Casey Jr. TBD
Ethics (Select) Chris Coons James Lankford
Indian Affairs (Permanent Select) Brian Schatz Lisa Murkowski
Intelligence (Select) Mark Warner Marco Rubio
International Narcotics Control (Permanent Caucus) TBD John Cornyn

House of Representatives committees

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Main article: List of United States House of Representatives committees
Committee Chair Ranking Member
Agriculture Glenn Thompson (R-PA) David Scott (D-GA)
Appropriations Kay Granger (R-TX) Rosa DeLauro (D-CT)
Armed Services Mike Rogers (R-AL) Adam Smith (D-WA)
Budget Jodey Arrington (R-TX) Brendan Boyle (D-PA)
Education and the Workforce Virginia Foxx (R-NC) Bobby Scott (D-VA)
Energy and Commerce Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R-WA) Frank Pallone (D-NJ)
Ethics TBD Susan Wild (D-PA)
Financial Services Patrick McHenry (R-NC) Maxine Waters (D-CA)
Foreign Affairs Michael McCaul (R-TX) Gregory Meeks (D-NY)
Homeland Security Mark E. Green (R-TN) Bennie Thompson (D-MS)
House Administration TBD Joe Morelle (D-NY)
Intelligence (Permanent Select) TBD TBD
Judiciary Jim Jordan (R-OH) Jerry Nadler (D-NY)
Natural Resources Bruce Westerman (R-AR) Raúl Grijalva (D-AZ)
Oversight and Reform James Comer (R-KY) Jamie Raskin (D-MD)
Rules Tom Cole (R-OK) Jim McGovern (D-MA)
Science, Space and Technology Frank Lucas (R- OK) Zoe Lofgren (D-CA)
Small Business Roger Williams (R-TX) Nydia Velázquez (D-NY)
Transportation and Infrastructure Sam Graves (R-MO) Rick Larsen (D-WA)
Veterans' Affairs Mike Bost (R-IL) Mark Takano (D-CA)
Ways and Means Jason Smith (R-MO) Richard Neal (D-MA)

Joint committees

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Main article: List of current United States congressional joint committees
Committee Chair Vice Chair Ranking Member Vice Ranking Member
Economic TBD TBD TBD TBD
Library TBD TBD TBD TBD
Printing TBD TBD TBD TBD
Taxation[lower-alpha 12] TBD TBD TBD TBD

Officers and officials

Congressional officers

Senate officers

House of Representatives officers

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 In Arizona: Kyrsten Sinema left the Democratic Party to become an independent politician on December 9, 2022. Effective January 3, 2023, Sinema will not participate in either political party caucus but will keep her seniority and continue to receive committee assignments through the Democrats.[4][5]
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 In Nebraska: Ben Sasse (R) resigned on January 8, 2023, to become President of the University of Florida.[6] Pete Ricketts (R) was appointed on January 12, 2023, to continue the term.
  3. ↑ In A: Incumbent Donald McEachin (D) died November 28, 2022, before the new Congress started.[7]
  4. ↑ Includes a New Progressive Party member who is also affiliated as a Republican.
  5. ↑ Since 1920, the Senate Democratic Leader has also concurrently served as the Democratic Caucus Chairperson; this is an unwritten tradition.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is the Minnesota affiliate of the U.S. Democratic Party and its members are counted as Democrats.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Puerto Rico's non-voting member, the Resident Commissioner, is elected every four years. Jenniffer González was last elected in 2020.
  8. ↑ The new districts created were: Colorado's 8th; Florida's 28th; North Carolina's 14th; Oregon's 6th; Texas's 37th; Texas's 38th. The districts re-created were: Montana's 1st; Montana's 2nd.
  9. ↑ The eliminated districts were: California's 53rd; Illinois's 18th; Michigan's 14th; Montana's at-large; New York's 27th; Ohio's 16th; Pennsylvania's 18th; West Virginia's 3rd.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.
  11. ↑ Ricketts will serve as senator on an interim basis, until a special election, which will be held on November 5, 2024, concurrently with the presidential election and the general election for Nebraska's class 1 senator. The winner of the special election will complete the remainder of Sasse's term, which expires on January 3, 2027, when the winner of the 2026 regular election will commence a full term.[15]
  12. ↑ The Joint Taxation Committee leadership rotate the chair and vice chair and the ranking members between the House and Senate at the start of each session in the middle of the congressional term. The first session leadership is shown here.

References

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  5. ↑ 2023 Congressional Record, Vol. 169, Page S22 (January 3, 2023)
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